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Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents

BACKGROUND: Many non-pharmacological treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been attempted, but reports indicate that most are ineffective. Although neurofeedback (NF) is a treatment approach for children with ADHD that remains promising, a...

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Autores principales: Duric, Nezla S, Aßmus, Jörg, Elgen, Irene B
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214789
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S66466
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author Duric, Nezla S
Aßmus, Jörg
Elgen, Irene B
author_facet Duric, Nezla S
Aßmus, Jörg
Elgen, Irene B
author_sort Duric, Nezla S
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Many non-pharmacological treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been attempted, but reports indicate that most are ineffective. Although neurofeedback (NF) is a treatment approach for children with ADHD that remains promising, a variety of appropriate measures have been used in reporting and evaluating its effect. OBJECTIVE: To report the self-evaluations of NF treatment by children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial in 91 children and adolescents with ADHD, aged less than 18 years (mean, 11.2 years) participated in a 30-session program of intensive NF treatment. Participants were randomized and allocated by sequentially numbered sealed envelopes into three groups: methylphenidate (MPH) as an active control group, and two trial groups NF with MPH, and NF alone. ADHD core symptoms and school performance were given on a scale of 1 to 10 using a self-reporting questionnaire, and the changes in these scores after treatment were used as the self-reported evaluation. Basic statistical methods (descriptive, analyses of variance, exact χ(2) test, and paired t-test) were used to investigate the baseline data. Changes in ADHD core symptoms and treatment effects were investigated using a general linear model for repeated measures. RESULTS: Eighty participants completed the treatment study and 73 (91%) responded sufficiently on the self-reporting questionnaires. The treatment groups were comparable in age, sex, and cognition as well as in the baseline levels of core ADHD symptoms. All treatments resulted in significant improvements regarding attention and hyperactivity (P<0.001), and did not differ from each other in effectiveness. However, a significant treatment effect in school performance was observed (P=0.042), in which only the NF group showed a significant improvement. CONCLUSION: The self-reported improvements in ADHD core symptoms and school performance shortly after treatment indicate NF treatment being promising in comparison with medication, suggesting NF as an alternative treatment for children and adolescents who do not respond to MPH, or who suffer side effects. Further long-term follow-up is needed.
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spelling pubmed-41591262014-09-11 Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents Duric, Nezla S Aßmus, Jörg Elgen, Irene B Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat Original Research BACKGROUND: Many non-pharmacological treatments for children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been attempted, but reports indicate that most are ineffective. Although neurofeedback (NF) is a treatment approach for children with ADHD that remains promising, a variety of appropriate measures have been used in reporting and evaluating its effect. OBJECTIVE: To report the self-evaluations of NF treatment by children and adolescents with ADHD. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial in 91 children and adolescents with ADHD, aged less than 18 years (mean, 11.2 years) participated in a 30-session program of intensive NF treatment. Participants were randomized and allocated by sequentially numbered sealed envelopes into three groups: methylphenidate (MPH) as an active control group, and two trial groups NF with MPH, and NF alone. ADHD core symptoms and school performance were given on a scale of 1 to 10 using a self-reporting questionnaire, and the changes in these scores after treatment were used as the self-reported evaluation. Basic statistical methods (descriptive, analyses of variance, exact χ(2) test, and paired t-test) were used to investigate the baseline data. Changes in ADHD core symptoms and treatment effects were investigated using a general linear model for repeated measures. RESULTS: Eighty participants completed the treatment study and 73 (91%) responded sufficiently on the self-reporting questionnaires. The treatment groups were comparable in age, sex, and cognition as well as in the baseline levels of core ADHD symptoms. All treatments resulted in significant improvements regarding attention and hyperactivity (P<0.001), and did not differ from each other in effectiveness. However, a significant treatment effect in school performance was observed (P=0.042), in which only the NF group showed a significant improvement. CONCLUSION: The self-reported improvements in ADHD core symptoms and school performance shortly after treatment indicate NF treatment being promising in comparison with medication, suggesting NF as an alternative treatment for children and adolescents who do not respond to MPH, or who suffer side effects. Further long-term follow-up is needed. Dove Medical Press 2014-09-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4159126/ /pubmed/25214789 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S66466 Text en © 2014 Duric et al. This work is published by Dove Medical Press Limited, and licensed under Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Original Research
Duric, Nezla S
Aßmus, Jörg
Elgen, Irene B
Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title_full Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title_fullStr Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title_short Self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of ADHD children and adolescents
title_sort self-reported efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in a clinical randomized controlled study of adhd children and adolescents
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25214789
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S66466
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