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MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA transcripts approximately 20 nucleotides in length that regulate expression of protein-coding genes via complementary binding mechanisms. The last decade has seen an exponential increase of publications on miRNAs, ranging from every aspect of basic cancer...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Vincent, Kimberly, Pichler, Martin, Lee, Gyeong-Won, Ling, Hui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25141103
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms150814475
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author Vincent, Kimberly
Pichler, Martin
Lee, Gyeong-Won
Ling, Hui
author_facet Vincent, Kimberly
Pichler, Martin
Lee, Gyeong-Won
Ling, Hui
author_sort Vincent, Kimberly
collection PubMed
description MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA transcripts approximately 20 nucleotides in length that regulate expression of protein-coding genes via complementary binding mechanisms. The last decade has seen an exponential increase of publications on miRNAs, ranging from every aspect of basic cancer biology to diagnostic and therapeutic explorations. In this review, we summarize findings of miRNA involvement in genomic instability, an interesting but largely neglected topic to date. We discuss the potential mechanisms by which miRNAs induce genomic instability, considered to be one of the most important driving forces of cancer initiation and progression, though its precise mechanisms remain elusive. We classify genomic instability mechanisms into defects in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and mitotic separation, and review the findings demonstrating the participation of specific miRNAs in such mechanisms.
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spelling pubmed-41598632014-09-18 MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer Vincent, Kimberly Pichler, Martin Lee, Gyeong-Won Ling, Hui Int J Mol Sci Review MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA transcripts approximately 20 nucleotides in length that regulate expression of protein-coding genes via complementary binding mechanisms. The last decade has seen an exponential increase of publications on miRNAs, ranging from every aspect of basic cancer biology to diagnostic and therapeutic explorations. In this review, we summarize findings of miRNA involvement in genomic instability, an interesting but largely neglected topic to date. We discuss the potential mechanisms by which miRNAs induce genomic instability, considered to be one of the most important driving forces of cancer initiation and progression, though its precise mechanisms remain elusive. We classify genomic instability mechanisms into defects in cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and mitotic separation, and review the findings demonstrating the participation of specific miRNAs in such mechanisms. MDPI 2014-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4159863/ /pubmed/25141103 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms150814475 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Vincent, Kimberly
Pichler, Martin
Lee, Gyeong-Won
Ling, Hui
MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title_full MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title_fullStr MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title_full_unstemmed MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title_short MicroRNAs, Genomic Instability and Cancer
title_sort micrornas, genomic instability and cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159863/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25141103
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms150814475
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