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Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli
In bacteria, SOS is a global response to DNA damage, mediated by the recA-lexA genes, resulting in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and mutagenesis. Previously, we reported that Escherichia coli responds to DNA damage via another recA-lexA-mediated pathway resulting in programmed cell death (PCD). We...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Society of Microbiology
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25028428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01426-14 |
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author | Erental, Ariel Kalderon, Ziva Saada, Ann Smith, Yoav Engelberg-Kulka, Hanna |
author_facet | Erental, Ariel Kalderon, Ziva Saada, Ann Smith, Yoav Engelberg-Kulka, Hanna |
author_sort | Erental, Ariel |
collection | PubMed |
description | In bacteria, SOS is a global response to DNA damage, mediated by the recA-lexA genes, resulting in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and mutagenesis. Previously, we reported that Escherichia coli responds to DNA damage via another recA-lexA-mediated pathway resulting in programmed cell death (PCD). We called it apoptosis-like death (ALD) because it is characterized by membrane depolarization and DNA fragmentation, which are hallmarks of eukaryotic mitochondrial apoptosis. Here, we show that ALD is an extreme SOS response that occurs only under conditions of severe DNA damage. Furthermore, we found that ALD is characterized by additional hallmarks of eukaryotic mitochondrial apoptosis, including (i) rRNA degradation by the endoribonuclease YbeY, (ii) upregulation of a unique set of genes that we called extensive-damage-induced (Edin) genes, (iii) a decrease in the activities of complexes I and II of the electron transport chain, and (iv) the formation of high levels of OH˙ through the Fenton reaction, eventually resulting in cell death. Our genetic and molecular studies on ALD provide additional insight for the evolution of mitochondria and the apoptotic pathway in eukaryotes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4161249 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | American Society of Microbiology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41612492014-09-11 Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli Erental, Ariel Kalderon, Ziva Saada, Ann Smith, Yoav Engelberg-Kulka, Hanna mBio Research Article In bacteria, SOS is a global response to DNA damage, mediated by the recA-lexA genes, resulting in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, and mutagenesis. Previously, we reported that Escherichia coli responds to DNA damage via another recA-lexA-mediated pathway resulting in programmed cell death (PCD). We called it apoptosis-like death (ALD) because it is characterized by membrane depolarization and DNA fragmentation, which are hallmarks of eukaryotic mitochondrial apoptosis. Here, we show that ALD is an extreme SOS response that occurs only under conditions of severe DNA damage. Furthermore, we found that ALD is characterized by additional hallmarks of eukaryotic mitochondrial apoptosis, including (i) rRNA degradation by the endoribonuclease YbeY, (ii) upregulation of a unique set of genes that we called extensive-damage-induced (Edin) genes, (iii) a decrease in the activities of complexes I and II of the electron transport chain, and (iv) the formation of high levels of OH˙ through the Fenton reaction, eventually resulting in cell death. Our genetic and molecular studies on ALD provide additional insight for the evolution of mitochondria and the apoptotic pathway in eukaryotes. American Society of Microbiology 2014-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC4161249/ /pubmed/25028428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01426-14 Text en Copyright © 2014 Erental et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) , which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Erental, Ariel Kalderon, Ziva Saada, Ann Smith, Yoav Engelberg-Kulka, Hanna Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title | Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title_full | Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title_fullStr | Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title_full_unstemmed | Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title_short | Apoptosis-Like Death, an Extreme SOS Response in Escherichia coli |
title_sort | apoptosis-like death, an extreme sos response in escherichia coli |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161249/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25028428 http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01426-14 |
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