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Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance
Asthma is characterized by the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways in most phenotypes. Eosinophils are inflammatory cells that require an external survival-prolonging stimulus such as granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-5, or IL-3 for survival. In their...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Libertas Academica
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4167313/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278781 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/JCD.S13588 |
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author | Ilmarinen, Pinja Moilanen, Eeva Kankaanranta, Hannu |
author_facet | Ilmarinen, Pinja Moilanen, Eeva Kankaanranta, Hannu |
author_sort | Ilmarinen, Pinja |
collection | PubMed |
description | Asthma is characterized by the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways in most phenotypes. Eosinophils are inflammatory cells that require an external survival-prolonging stimulus such as granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-5, or IL-3 for survival. In their absence, eosinophils are programmed to die by spontaneous apoptosis in a few days. Eosinophil apoptosis can be accelerated by Fas ligation or by pharmacological agents such as glucocorticoids. Evidence exists for the relevance of these survival-prolonging and pro-apoptotic agents in the regulation of eosinophilic inflammation in inflamed airways. Much less is known about the physiological significance and mechanisms of spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis even though it forms the basis of regulation of eosinophil longevity by pathophysiological factors and pharmacological agents. This review concentrates on discussing the mechanisms of spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis compared to those of glucocorticoid- and Fas-induced apoptosis. We aim to answer the question whether the external apoptotic stimuli only augment the ongoing pathway of spontaneous apoptosis or truly activate a specific pathway. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4167313 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Libertas Academica |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41673132014-10-02 Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance Ilmarinen, Pinja Moilanen, Eeva Kankaanranta, Hannu J Cell Death Review Asthma is characterized by the accumulation of eosinophils in the airways in most phenotypes. Eosinophils are inflammatory cells that require an external survival-prolonging stimulus such as granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-5, or IL-3 for survival. In their absence, eosinophils are programmed to die by spontaneous apoptosis in a few days. Eosinophil apoptosis can be accelerated by Fas ligation or by pharmacological agents such as glucocorticoids. Evidence exists for the relevance of these survival-prolonging and pro-apoptotic agents in the regulation of eosinophilic inflammation in inflamed airways. Much less is known about the physiological significance and mechanisms of spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis even though it forms the basis of regulation of eosinophil longevity by pathophysiological factors and pharmacological agents. This review concentrates on discussing the mechanisms of spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis compared to those of glucocorticoid- and Fas-induced apoptosis. We aim to answer the question whether the external apoptotic stimuli only augment the ongoing pathway of spontaneous apoptosis or truly activate a specific pathway. Libertas Academica 2014-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4167313/ /pubmed/25278781 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/JCD.S13588 Text en © 2014 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 License. |
spellingShingle | Review Ilmarinen, Pinja Moilanen, Eeva Kankaanranta, Hannu Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title | Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title_full | Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title_fullStr | Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title_short | Regulation of Spontaneous Eosinophil Apoptosis—A Neglected Area of Importance |
title_sort | regulation of spontaneous eosinophil apoptosis—a neglected area of importance |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4167313/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25278781 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/JCD.S13588 |
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