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Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is an endocrine malignancy with an incidence rate that has been increasing steadily over the past 30 years. While well-differentiated subtypes have a favorable prognosis when treated with surgical resection and radioiodine, undifferentiated subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid cancer...

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Autores principales: Pinto, Nicole, Black, Morgan, Patel, Krupal, Yoo, John, Mymryk, Joe S., Barrett, John W., Nichols, Anthony C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4170827/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25276134
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/936285
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author Pinto, Nicole
Black, Morgan
Patel, Krupal
Yoo, John
Mymryk, Joe S.
Barrett, John W.
Nichols, Anthony C.
author_facet Pinto, Nicole
Black, Morgan
Patel, Krupal
Yoo, John
Mymryk, Joe S.
Barrett, John W.
Nichols, Anthony C.
author_sort Pinto, Nicole
collection PubMed
description Thyroid cancer is an endocrine malignancy with an incidence rate that has been increasing steadily over the past 30 years. While well-differentiated subtypes have a favorable prognosis when treated with surgical resection and radioiodine, undifferentiated subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), are far more aggressive and have a poor prognosis. Conventional therapies (surgical resection, radiation, chemotherapy, and radioiodine) have been utilized for treatment of ATC, yet these treatments have not significantly improved the overall mortality rate. As cancer is a genetic disease, genetic alterations such as mutations, fusions, activation of oncogenes, and silencing of tumor suppressors contribute to its aggressiveness. With the use of next-generation sequencing and the Cancer Genome Atlas, mutation-directed therapy is recognized as the upcoming standard of care. In this review, we highlight the known genetic landscape of ATC and the need for a comprehensive genetic characterization of this disease in order to identify additional therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes.
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spelling pubmed-41708272014-09-28 Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pinto, Nicole Black, Morgan Patel, Krupal Yoo, John Mymryk, Joe S. Barrett, John W. Nichols, Anthony C. J Oncol Review Article Thyroid cancer is an endocrine malignancy with an incidence rate that has been increasing steadily over the past 30 years. While well-differentiated subtypes have a favorable prognosis when treated with surgical resection and radioiodine, undifferentiated subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC), are far more aggressive and have a poor prognosis. Conventional therapies (surgical resection, radiation, chemotherapy, and radioiodine) have been utilized for treatment of ATC, yet these treatments have not significantly improved the overall mortality rate. As cancer is a genetic disease, genetic alterations such as mutations, fusions, activation of oncogenes, and silencing of tumor suppressors contribute to its aggressiveness. With the use of next-generation sequencing and the Cancer Genome Atlas, mutation-directed therapy is recognized as the upcoming standard of care. In this review, we highlight the known genetic landscape of ATC and the need for a comprehensive genetic characterization of this disease in order to identify additional therapeutic targets to improve patient outcomes. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-09-07 /pmc/articles/PMC4170827/ /pubmed/25276134 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/936285 Text en Copyright © 2014 Nicole Pinto et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Pinto, Nicole
Black, Morgan
Patel, Krupal
Yoo, John
Mymryk, Joe S.
Barrett, John W.
Nichols, Anthony C.
Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title_full Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title_fullStr Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title_full_unstemmed Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title_short Genomically Driven Precision Medicine to Improve Outcomes in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer
title_sort genomically driven precision medicine to improve outcomes in anaplastic thyroid cancer
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4170827/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25276134
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/936285
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