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Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers

BACKGROUND: Rural and remote Australians face a range of barriers to mental health care, potentially limiting the extent to which current services and support networks may provide assistance. This paper examines self-reported mental health problems and contacts during the last 12 months, and explore...

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Autores principales: Handley, Tonelle E, Kay-Lambkin, Frances J, Inder, Kerry J, Lewin, Terry J, Attia, John R, Fuller, Jeffrey, Perkins, David, Coleman, Clare, Weaver, Natasha, Kelly, Brian J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4172961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25193400
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0249-0
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author Handley, Tonelle E
Kay-Lambkin, Frances J
Inder, Kerry J
Lewin, Terry J
Attia, John R
Fuller, Jeffrey
Perkins, David
Coleman, Clare
Weaver, Natasha
Kelly, Brian J
author_facet Handley, Tonelle E
Kay-Lambkin, Frances J
Inder, Kerry J
Lewin, Terry J
Attia, John R
Fuller, Jeffrey
Perkins, David
Coleman, Clare
Weaver, Natasha
Kelly, Brian J
author_sort Handley, Tonelle E
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Rural and remote Australians face a range of barriers to mental health care, potentially limiting the extent to which current services and support networks may provide assistance. This paper examines self-reported mental health problems and contacts during the last 12 months, and explores cross-sectional associations between potential facilitators/barriers and professional and non-professional help-seeking, while taking into account expected associations with socio-demographic and health-related factors. METHODS: During the 3-year follow-up of the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (ARMHS) a self-report survey was completed by adult rural residents (N = 1,231; 61% female; 77% married; 22% remote location; mean age = 59 years), which examined socio-demographic characteristics, current health status factors, predicted service needs, self-reported professional and non-professional contacts for mental health problems in the last 12 months, other aspects of help-seeking, and perceived barriers. RESULTS: Professional contacts for mental health problems were reported by 18% of the sample (including 14% reporting General Practitioner contacts), while non-professional contacts were reported by 16% (including 14% reporting discussions with family/friends). Perceived barriers to health care fell under the domains of structural (e.g., costs, distance), attitudinal (e.g., stigma concerns, confidentiality), and time commitments. Participants with 12-month mental health problems who reported their needs as met had the highest levels of service use. Hierarchical logistic regressions revealed a dose-response relationship between the level of predicted need and the likelihood of reporting professional and non-professional contacts, together with associations with socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, relationships, and financial circumstances), suicidal ideation, and attitudinal factors, but not geographical remoteness. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of self-reported mental health problems were consistent with baseline findings, including higher rural contact rates with General Practitioners. Structural barriers displayed mixed associations with help-seeking, while attitudinal barriers were consistently associated with lower service contacts. Developing appropriate interventions that address perceptions of mental illness and attitudes towards help-seeking is likely to be vital in optimising treatment access and mental health outcomes in rural areas. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0249-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-41729612014-09-25 Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers Handley, Tonelle E Kay-Lambkin, Frances J Inder, Kerry J Lewin, Terry J Attia, John R Fuller, Jeffrey Perkins, David Coleman, Clare Weaver, Natasha Kelly, Brian J BMC Psychiatry Research Article BACKGROUND: Rural and remote Australians face a range of barriers to mental health care, potentially limiting the extent to which current services and support networks may provide assistance. This paper examines self-reported mental health problems and contacts during the last 12 months, and explores cross-sectional associations between potential facilitators/barriers and professional and non-professional help-seeking, while taking into account expected associations with socio-demographic and health-related factors. METHODS: During the 3-year follow-up of the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (ARMHS) a self-report survey was completed by adult rural residents (N = 1,231; 61% female; 77% married; 22% remote location; mean age = 59 years), which examined socio-demographic characteristics, current health status factors, predicted service needs, self-reported professional and non-professional contacts for mental health problems in the last 12 months, other aspects of help-seeking, and perceived barriers. RESULTS: Professional contacts for mental health problems were reported by 18% of the sample (including 14% reporting General Practitioner contacts), while non-professional contacts were reported by 16% (including 14% reporting discussions with family/friends). Perceived barriers to health care fell under the domains of structural (e.g., costs, distance), attitudinal (e.g., stigma concerns, confidentiality), and time commitments. Participants with 12-month mental health problems who reported their needs as met had the highest levels of service use. Hierarchical logistic regressions revealed a dose-response relationship between the level of predicted need and the likelihood of reporting professional and non-professional contacts, together with associations with socio-demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, relationships, and financial circumstances), suicidal ideation, and attitudinal factors, but not geographical remoteness. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of self-reported mental health problems were consistent with baseline findings, including higher rural contact rates with General Practitioners. Structural barriers displayed mixed associations with help-seeking, while attitudinal barriers were consistently associated with lower service contacts. Developing appropriate interventions that address perceptions of mental illness and attitudes towards help-seeking is likely to be vital in optimising treatment access and mental health outcomes in rural areas. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0249-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2014-09-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4172961/ /pubmed/25193400 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0249-0 Text en © Handley et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Handley, Tonelle E
Kay-Lambkin, Frances J
Inder, Kerry J
Lewin, Terry J
Attia, John R
Fuller, Jeffrey
Perkins, David
Coleman, Clare
Weaver, Natasha
Kelly, Brian J
Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title_full Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title_fullStr Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title_full_unstemmed Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title_short Self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
title_sort self-reported contacts for mental health problems by rural residents: predicted service needs, facilitators and barriers
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4172961/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25193400
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12888-014-0249-0
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