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Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients

BACKGROUND: Inflammation is an essential immune response; however, chronic inflammation results in disease including Crohn's disease. Therefore, reducing the inflammation can yield a significant health benefit, and one way to achieve this is through diet. We developed a Mediterranean-inspired a...

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Autores principales: Marlow, Gareth, Ellett, Stephanie, Ferguson, Isobel R, Zhu, Shuotun, Karunasinghe, Nishi, Jesuthasan, Amalini C, Han, Dug Yeo, Fraser, Alan G, Ferguson, Lynnette R
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4174666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24283712
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-7-24
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author Marlow, Gareth
Ellett, Stephanie
Ferguson, Isobel R
Zhu, Shuotun
Karunasinghe, Nishi
Jesuthasan, Amalini C
Han, Dug Yeo
Fraser, Alan G
Ferguson, Lynnette R
author_facet Marlow, Gareth
Ellett, Stephanie
Ferguson, Isobel R
Zhu, Shuotun
Karunasinghe, Nishi
Jesuthasan, Amalini C
Han, Dug Yeo
Fraser, Alan G
Ferguson, Lynnette R
author_sort Marlow, Gareth
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Inflammation is an essential immune response; however, chronic inflammation results in disease including Crohn's disease. Therefore, reducing the inflammation can yield a significant health benefit, and one way to achieve this is through diet. We developed a Mediterranean-inspired anti-inflammatory diet and used this diet in a 6-week intervention in a Crohn's disease population. We examined changes in inflammation and also in the gut microbiota. We compared the results of established biomarkers, C-reactive protein and the micronuclei assay, of inflammation with results from a transcriptomic approach. RESULTS: Data showed that being on our diet for 6 weeks was able to reduce the established biomarkers of inflammation. However, using transcriptomics, we observed significant changes in gene expression. Although no single gene stood out, the cumulative effect of small changes in many genes combined to have a beneficial effect. Data also showed that our diet resulted in a trend of normalising the microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that our Mediterranean-inspired diet appeared to benefit the health of people with Crohn's disease. Our participants showed a trend for reduced markers of inflammation and normalising of the microbiota. The significant changes in gene expression after 6 weeks highlighted the increased sensitivity of using transcriptomics when compared to the established biomarkers and open up a new era of dietary intervention studies.
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spelling pubmed-41746662014-09-26 Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients Marlow, Gareth Ellett, Stephanie Ferguson, Isobel R Zhu, Shuotun Karunasinghe, Nishi Jesuthasan, Amalini C Han, Dug Yeo Fraser, Alan G Ferguson, Lynnette R Hum Genomics Primary Research BACKGROUND: Inflammation is an essential immune response; however, chronic inflammation results in disease including Crohn's disease. Therefore, reducing the inflammation can yield a significant health benefit, and one way to achieve this is through diet. We developed a Mediterranean-inspired anti-inflammatory diet and used this diet in a 6-week intervention in a Crohn's disease population. We examined changes in inflammation and also in the gut microbiota. We compared the results of established biomarkers, C-reactive protein and the micronuclei assay, of inflammation with results from a transcriptomic approach. RESULTS: Data showed that being on our diet for 6 weeks was able to reduce the established biomarkers of inflammation. However, using transcriptomics, we observed significant changes in gene expression. Although no single gene stood out, the cumulative effect of small changes in many genes combined to have a beneficial effect. Data also showed that our diet resulted in a trend of normalising the microbiota. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that our Mediterranean-inspired diet appeared to benefit the health of people with Crohn's disease. Our participants showed a trend for reduced markers of inflammation and normalising of the microbiota. The significant changes in gene expression after 6 weeks highlighted the increased sensitivity of using transcriptomics when compared to the established biomarkers and open up a new era of dietary intervention studies. BioMed Central 2013-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4174666/ /pubmed/24283712 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-7-24 Text en Copyright © 2013 Marlow et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Primary Research
Marlow, Gareth
Ellett, Stephanie
Ferguson, Isobel R
Zhu, Shuotun
Karunasinghe, Nishi
Jesuthasan, Amalini C
Han, Dug Yeo
Fraser, Alan G
Ferguson, Lynnette R
Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title_full Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title_fullStr Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title_full_unstemmed Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title_short Transcriptomics to study the effect of a Mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in Crohn's disease patients
title_sort transcriptomics to study the effect of a mediterranean-inspired diet on inflammation in crohn's disease patients
topic Primary Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4174666/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24283712
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-7364-7-24
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