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Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Autophagy, or cellular self-digestion, is a catabolic process that targets cell constituents including damaged organelles, unfolded proteins, and intracellular pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy is crucial for development, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis. Important links be...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lavallard, Vanessa J., Gual, Philippe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175790/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25295245
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/120179
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author Lavallard, Vanessa J.
Gual, Philippe
author_facet Lavallard, Vanessa J.
Gual, Philippe
author_sort Lavallard, Vanessa J.
collection PubMed
description Autophagy, or cellular self-digestion, is a catabolic process that targets cell constituents including damaged organelles, unfolded proteins, and intracellular pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy is crucial for development, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis. Important links between the regulation of autophagy and liver complications associated with obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have been reported. The spectrum of these hepatic abnormalities extends from isolated steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), steatofibrosis, which sometimes leads to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is one of the three main causes of cirrhosis and increases the risk of liver-related death and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the progression of a normal liver to steatosis and then more severe disease are complex and still unclear. The regulation of the autophagic flux, a dynamic response, and the knowledge of the role of autophagy in specific cells including hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, immune cells, and hepatic cancer cells have been extensively studied these last years. This review will provide insight into the current understanding of autophagy and its role in the evolution of the hepatic complications associated with obesity, from steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma.
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spelling pubmed-41757902014-10-07 Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Lavallard, Vanessa J. Gual, Philippe Biomed Res Int Review Article Autophagy, or cellular self-digestion, is a catabolic process that targets cell constituents including damaged organelles, unfolded proteins, and intracellular pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagy is crucial for development, differentiation, survival, and homeostasis. Important links between the regulation of autophagy and liver complications associated with obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have been reported. The spectrum of these hepatic abnormalities extends from isolated steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), steatofibrosis, which sometimes leads to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is one of the three main causes of cirrhosis and increases the risk of liver-related death and hepatocellular carcinoma. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the progression of a normal liver to steatosis and then more severe disease are complex and still unclear. The regulation of the autophagic flux, a dynamic response, and the knowledge of the role of autophagy in specific cells including hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, immune cells, and hepatic cancer cells have been extensively studied these last years. This review will provide insight into the current understanding of autophagy and its role in the evolution of the hepatic complications associated with obesity, from steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-09-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4175790/ /pubmed/25295245 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/120179 Text en Copyright © 2014 V. J. Lavallard and P. Gual. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lavallard, Vanessa J.
Gual, Philippe
Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_fullStr Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_full_unstemmed Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_short Autophagy and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
title_sort autophagy and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4175790/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25295245
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/120179
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