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Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa
BACKGROUND: Patterns of genetic variation in a population carry information about the prehistory of the population, and for the human Y chromosome an especially informative phylogenetic tree has previously been constructed from fully-sequenced chromosomes. This revealed contrasting bifurcating and s...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24262073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-2223-4-25 |
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author | Sikora, Michael J Colonna, Vincenza Xue, Yali Tyler-Smith, Chris |
author_facet | Sikora, Michael J Colonna, Vincenza Xue, Yali Tyler-Smith, Chris |
author_sort | Sikora, Michael J |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Patterns of genetic variation in a population carry information about the prehistory of the population, and for the human Y chromosome an especially informative phylogenetic tree has previously been constructed from fully-sequenced chromosomes. This revealed contrasting bifurcating and starlike phylogenies for the major lineages associated with the Neolithic expansions in sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, respectively. RESULTS: We used coalescent simulations to investigate the range of demographic models most likely to produce the phylogenetic structures observed in Africa and Europe, assessing the starting and ending genetic effective population sizes, duration of the expansion, and time when expansion ended. The best-fitting models in Africa and Europe are very different. In Africa, the expansion took about 12 thousand years, ending very recently; it started from approximately 40 men and numbers expanded approximately 50-fold. In Europe, the expansion was much more rapid, taking only a few generations and occurring as soon as the major R1b lineage entered Europe; it started from just one to three men, whose numbers expanded more than a thousandfold. CONCLUSIONS: Although highly simplified, the demographic model we have used captures key elements of the differences between the male Neolithic expansions in Africa and Europe, and is consistent with archaeological findings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4177147 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41771472014-10-23 Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa Sikora, Michael J Colonna, Vincenza Xue, Yali Tyler-Smith, Chris Investig Genet Research BACKGROUND: Patterns of genetic variation in a population carry information about the prehistory of the population, and for the human Y chromosome an especially informative phylogenetic tree has previously been constructed from fully-sequenced chromosomes. This revealed contrasting bifurcating and starlike phylogenies for the major lineages associated with the Neolithic expansions in sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, respectively. RESULTS: We used coalescent simulations to investigate the range of demographic models most likely to produce the phylogenetic structures observed in Africa and Europe, assessing the starting and ending genetic effective population sizes, duration of the expansion, and time when expansion ended. The best-fitting models in Africa and Europe are very different. In Africa, the expansion took about 12 thousand years, ending very recently; it started from approximately 40 men and numbers expanded approximately 50-fold. In Europe, the expansion was much more rapid, taking only a few generations and occurring as soon as the major R1b lineage entered Europe; it started from just one to three men, whose numbers expanded more than a thousandfold. CONCLUSIONS: Although highly simplified, the demographic model we have used captures key elements of the differences between the male Neolithic expansions in Africa and Europe, and is consistent with archaeological findings. BioMed Central 2013-11-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4177147/ /pubmed/24262073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-2223-4-25 Text en Copyright © 2013 Sikora et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Sikora, Michael J Colonna, Vincenza Xue, Yali Tyler-Smith, Chris Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title | Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title_full | Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title_fullStr | Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title_full_unstemmed | Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title_short | Modeling the contrasting Neolithic male lineage expansions in Europe and Africa |
title_sort | modeling the contrasting neolithic male lineage expansions in europe and africa |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177147/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24262073 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2041-2223-4-25 |
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