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Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25255286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166 |
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author | Khan, Salah Uddin Salje, Henrik Hannan, A. Islam, Md. Atiqul Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun Islam, Md. Ariful Rahman, M. Ziaur Nahar, Nazmun Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. |
author_facet | Khan, Salah Uddin Salje, Henrik Hannan, A. Islam, Md. Atiqul Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun Islam, Md. Ariful Rahman, M. Ziaur Nahar, Nazmun Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. |
author_sort | Khan, Salah Uddin |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially important source of virus in the environment. The objectives of this study were to describe the transmission dynamics of JEV among pigs in northwestern Bangladesh and estimate the potential impact of vaccination to reduce incidence among pigs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a comprehensive census of pigs in three JE endemic districts and tested a sample of them for evidence of previous JEV infection. We built a compartmental model to describe JEV transmission dynamics in this region and to estimate the potential impact of pig vaccination. We identified 11,364 pigs in the study area. Previous JEV infection was identified in 30% of pigs with no spatial differences in the proportion of pigs that were seropositive across the study area. We estimated that JEV infects 20% of susceptible pigs each year and the basic reproductive number among pigs was 1.2. The model suggest that vaccinating 50% of pigs each year resulted in an estimated 82% reduction in annual incidence in pigs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The widespread distribution of historic JEV infection in pigs suggests they may play an important role in virus transmission in this area. Future studies are required to understand the contribution of pig infections to JE risk in humans and the potential impact of pig vaccination on human disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4177832 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41778322014-10-02 Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination Khan, Salah Uddin Salje, Henrik Hannan, A. Islam, Md. Atiqul Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun Islam, Md. Ariful Rahman, M. Ziaur Nahar, Nazmun Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially important source of virus in the environment. The objectives of this study were to describe the transmission dynamics of JEV among pigs in northwestern Bangladesh and estimate the potential impact of vaccination to reduce incidence among pigs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a comprehensive census of pigs in three JE endemic districts and tested a sample of them for evidence of previous JEV infection. We built a compartmental model to describe JEV transmission dynamics in this region and to estimate the potential impact of pig vaccination. We identified 11,364 pigs in the study area. Previous JEV infection was identified in 30% of pigs with no spatial differences in the proportion of pigs that were seropositive across the study area. We estimated that JEV infects 20% of susceptible pigs each year and the basic reproductive number among pigs was 1.2. The model suggest that vaccinating 50% of pigs each year resulted in an estimated 82% reduction in annual incidence in pigs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The widespread distribution of historic JEV infection in pigs suggests they may play an important role in virus transmission in this area. Future studies are required to understand the contribution of pig infections to JE risk in humans and the potential impact of pig vaccination on human disease. Public Library of Science 2014-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4177832/ /pubmed/25255286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Khan, Salah Uddin Salje, Henrik Hannan, A. Islam, Md. Atiqul Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun Islam, Md. Ariful Rahman, M. Ziaur Nahar, Nazmun Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title | Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title_full | Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title_fullStr | Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title_full_unstemmed | Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title_short | Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination |
title_sort | dynamics of japanese encephalitis virus transmission among pigs in northwest bangladesh and the potential impact of pig vaccination |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177832/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25255286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166 |
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