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Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination

BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially...

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Autores principales: Khan, Salah Uddin, Salje, Henrik, Hannan, A., Islam, Md. Atiqul, Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun, Islam, Md. Ariful, Rahman, M. Ziaur, Nahar, Nazmun, Hossain, M. Jahangir, Luby, Stephen P., Gurley, Emily S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25255286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166
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author Khan, Salah Uddin
Salje, Henrik
Hannan, A.
Islam, Md. Atiqul
Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun
Islam, Md. Ariful
Rahman, M. Ziaur
Nahar, Nazmun
Hossain, M. Jahangir
Luby, Stephen P.
Gurley, Emily S.
author_facet Khan, Salah Uddin
Salje, Henrik
Hannan, A.
Islam, Md. Atiqul
Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun
Islam, Md. Ariful
Rahman, M. Ziaur
Nahar, Nazmun
Hossain, M. Jahangir
Luby, Stephen P.
Gurley, Emily S.
author_sort Khan, Salah Uddin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially important source of virus in the environment. The objectives of this study were to describe the transmission dynamics of JEV among pigs in northwestern Bangladesh and estimate the potential impact of vaccination to reduce incidence among pigs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a comprehensive census of pigs in three JE endemic districts and tested a sample of them for evidence of previous JEV infection. We built a compartmental model to describe JEV transmission dynamics in this region and to estimate the potential impact of pig vaccination. We identified 11,364 pigs in the study area. Previous JEV infection was identified in 30% of pigs with no spatial differences in the proportion of pigs that were seropositive across the study area. We estimated that JEV infects 20% of susceptible pigs each year and the basic reproductive number among pigs was 1.2. The model suggest that vaccinating 50% of pigs each year resulted in an estimated 82% reduction in annual incidence in pigs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The widespread distribution of historic JEV infection in pigs suggests they may play an important role in virus transmission in this area. Future studies are required to understand the contribution of pig infections to JE risk in humans and the potential impact of pig vaccination on human disease.
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spelling pubmed-41778322014-10-02 Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination Khan, Salah Uddin Salje, Henrik Hannan, A. Islam, Md. Atiqul Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun Islam, Md. Ariful Rahman, M. Ziaur Nahar, Nazmun Hossain, M. Jahangir Luby, Stephen P. Gurley, Emily S. PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus infection can cause severe disease in humans, resulting in death or permanent neurologic deficits among survivors. Studies indicate that the incidence of JE is high in northwestern Bangladesh. Pigs are amplifying hosts for JE virus (JEV) and a potentially important source of virus in the environment. The objectives of this study were to describe the transmission dynamics of JEV among pigs in northwestern Bangladesh and estimate the potential impact of vaccination to reduce incidence among pigs. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We conducted a comprehensive census of pigs in three JE endemic districts and tested a sample of them for evidence of previous JEV infection. We built a compartmental model to describe JEV transmission dynamics in this region and to estimate the potential impact of pig vaccination. We identified 11,364 pigs in the study area. Previous JEV infection was identified in 30% of pigs with no spatial differences in the proportion of pigs that were seropositive across the study area. We estimated that JEV infects 20% of susceptible pigs each year and the basic reproductive number among pigs was 1.2. The model suggest that vaccinating 50% of pigs each year resulted in an estimated 82% reduction in annual incidence in pigs. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The widespread distribution of historic JEV infection in pigs suggests they may play an important role in virus transmission in this area. Future studies are required to understand the contribution of pig infections to JE risk in humans and the potential impact of pig vaccination on human disease. Public Library of Science 2014-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4177832/ /pubmed/25255286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Public Domain declaration, which stipulates that, once placed in the public domain, this work may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose.
spellingShingle Research Article
Khan, Salah Uddin
Salje, Henrik
Hannan, A.
Islam, Md. Atiqul
Bhuyan, A. A. Mamun
Islam, Md. Ariful
Rahman, M. Ziaur
Nahar, Nazmun
Hossain, M. Jahangir
Luby, Stephen P.
Gurley, Emily S.
Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title_full Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title_fullStr Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title_full_unstemmed Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title_short Dynamics of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission among Pigs in Northwest Bangladesh and the Potential Impact of Pig Vaccination
title_sort dynamics of japanese encephalitis virus transmission among pigs in northwest bangladesh and the potential impact of pig vaccination
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4177832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25255286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003166
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