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A Model for Visual Memory Encoding

Memory encoding engages multiple concurrent and sequential processes. While the individual processes involved in successful encoding have been examined in many studies, a sequence of events and the importance of modules associated with memory encoding has not been established. For this reason, we so...

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Autores principales: Nenert, Rodolphe, Allendorfer, Jane B., Szaflarski, Jerzy P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4182671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25272154
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107761
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author Nenert, Rodolphe
Allendorfer, Jane B.
Szaflarski, Jerzy P.
author_facet Nenert, Rodolphe
Allendorfer, Jane B.
Szaflarski, Jerzy P.
author_sort Nenert, Rodolphe
collection PubMed
description Memory encoding engages multiple concurrent and sequential processes. While the individual processes involved in successful encoding have been examined in many studies, a sequence of events and the importance of modules associated with memory encoding has not been established. For this reason, we sought to perform a comprehensive examination of the network for memory encoding using data driven methods and to determine the directionality of the information flow in order to build a viable model of visual memory encoding. Forty healthy controls ages 19–59 performed a visual scene encoding task. FMRI data were preprocessed using SPM8 and then processed using independent component analysis (ICA) with the reliability of the identified components confirmed using ICASSO as implemented in GIFT. The directionality of the information flow was examined using Granger causality analyses (GCA). All participants performed the fMRI task well above the chance level (>90% correct on both active and control conditions) and the post-fMRI testing recall revealed correct memory encoding at 86.33±5.83%. ICA identified involvement of components of five different networks in the process of memory encoding, and the GCA allowed for the directionality of the information flow to be assessed, from visual cortex via ventral stream to the attention network and then to the default mode network (DMN). Two additional networks involved in this process were the cerebellar and the auditory-insular network. This study provides evidence that successful visual memory encoding is dependent on multiple modules that are part of other networks that are only indirectly related to the main process. This model may help to identify the node(s) of the network that are affected by a specific disease processes and explain the presence of memory encoding difficulties in patients in whom focal or global network dysfunction exists.
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spelling pubmed-41826712014-10-07 A Model for Visual Memory Encoding Nenert, Rodolphe Allendorfer, Jane B. Szaflarski, Jerzy P. PLoS One Research Article Memory encoding engages multiple concurrent and sequential processes. While the individual processes involved in successful encoding have been examined in many studies, a sequence of events and the importance of modules associated with memory encoding has not been established. For this reason, we sought to perform a comprehensive examination of the network for memory encoding using data driven methods and to determine the directionality of the information flow in order to build a viable model of visual memory encoding. Forty healthy controls ages 19–59 performed a visual scene encoding task. FMRI data were preprocessed using SPM8 and then processed using independent component analysis (ICA) with the reliability of the identified components confirmed using ICASSO as implemented in GIFT. The directionality of the information flow was examined using Granger causality analyses (GCA). All participants performed the fMRI task well above the chance level (>90% correct on both active and control conditions) and the post-fMRI testing recall revealed correct memory encoding at 86.33±5.83%. ICA identified involvement of components of five different networks in the process of memory encoding, and the GCA allowed for the directionality of the information flow to be assessed, from visual cortex via ventral stream to the attention network and then to the default mode network (DMN). Two additional networks involved in this process were the cerebellar and the auditory-insular network. This study provides evidence that successful visual memory encoding is dependent on multiple modules that are part of other networks that are only indirectly related to the main process. This model may help to identify the node(s) of the network that are affected by a specific disease processes and explain the presence of memory encoding difficulties in patients in whom focal or global network dysfunction exists. Public Library of Science 2014-10-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4182671/ /pubmed/25272154 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107761 Text en © 2014 Nenert et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nenert, Rodolphe
Allendorfer, Jane B.
Szaflarski, Jerzy P.
A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title_full A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title_fullStr A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title_full_unstemmed A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title_short A Model for Visual Memory Encoding
title_sort model for visual memory encoding
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4182671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25272154
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107761
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