Cargando…

Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study

The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over time and between countries. It is therefore essential to monitor the characteristics of patients at risk of infection and the circulating strains to recognize local and global trends, and improve patient management. From Dece...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Foster, N F, Collins, D A, Ditchburn, S L, Duncan, C N, van Schalkwyk, J W, Golledge, C L, Keed, A B R, Riley, T V
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184660/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nmi2.43
_version_ 1782337887240454144
author Foster, N F
Collins, D A
Ditchburn, S L
Duncan, C N
van Schalkwyk, J W
Golledge, C L
Keed, A B R
Riley, T V
author_facet Foster, N F
Collins, D A
Ditchburn, S L
Duncan, C N
van Schalkwyk, J W
Golledge, C L
Keed, A B R
Riley, T V
author_sort Foster, N F
collection PubMed
description The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over time and between countries. It is therefore essential to monitor the characteristics of patients at risk of infection and the circulating strains to recognize local and global trends, and improve patient management. From December 2011 to May 2012 we conducted a prospective, observational epidemiological study of patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia to determine CDI incidence and risk factors in an Australian setting. The incidence of CDI varied from 5.2 to 8.1 cases/10 000 occupied bed days (OBDs) at one hospital and from 3.9 to 16.3/10 000 OBDs at the second hospital. In total, 80 patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI met eligibility criteria and consented to be in the study. More than half (53.8%) had hospital-onset disease, 28.8% had community-onset and healthcare facility-associated disease and 7.5% were community-associated infections according to the definitions used. Severe CDI was observed in 40.0% of these cases but the 30-day mortality rate for all cases was only 2.5%. Besides a shorter length of stay among cases of community-onset CDI, no characteristics were identified that were significantly associated with community-onset or severe CDI. From 70 isolates, 34 different ribotypes were identified. The predominant ribotypes were 014 (24.3%), 020 (5.7%), 056 (5.7%) and 070 (5.7%). Whereas this study suggests that the characteristics of CDI cases in Australia are not markedly different from those in other developed countries, the increase in CDI rate observed emphasizes the importance of surveillance.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4184660
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2014
publisher BlackWell Publishing Ltd
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-41846602014-10-29 Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study Foster, N F Collins, D A Ditchburn, S L Duncan, C N van Schalkwyk, J W Golledge, C L Keed, A B R Riley, T V New Microbes New Infect Original Articles The epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has changed over time and between countries. It is therefore essential to monitor the characteristics of patients at risk of infection and the circulating strains to recognize local and global trends, and improve patient management. From December 2011 to May 2012 we conducted a prospective, observational epidemiological study of patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI at two tertiary teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia to determine CDI incidence and risk factors in an Australian setting. The incidence of CDI varied from 5.2 to 8.1 cases/10 000 occupied bed days (OBDs) at one hospital and from 3.9 to 16.3/10 000 OBDs at the second hospital. In total, 80 patients with laboratory-confirmed CDI met eligibility criteria and consented to be in the study. More than half (53.8%) had hospital-onset disease, 28.8% had community-onset and healthcare facility-associated disease and 7.5% were community-associated infections according to the definitions used. Severe CDI was observed in 40.0% of these cases but the 30-day mortality rate for all cases was only 2.5%. Besides a shorter length of stay among cases of community-onset CDI, no characteristics were identified that were significantly associated with community-onset or severe CDI. From 70 isolates, 34 different ribotypes were identified. The predominant ribotypes were 014 (24.3%), 020 (5.7%), 056 (5.7%) and 070 (5.7%). Whereas this study suggests that the characteristics of CDI cases in Australia are not markedly different from those in other developed countries, the increase in CDI rate observed emphasizes the importance of surveillance. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014-05 2014-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4184660/ /pubmed/25356346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nmi2.43 Text en © 2014 The Authors. New Microbes and New Infections published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Foster, N F
Collins, D A
Ditchburn, S L
Duncan, C N
van Schalkwyk, J W
Golledge, C L
Keed, A B R
Riley, T V
Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title_full Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title_short Epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in Perth, Western Australia: a cross-sectional study
title_sort epidemiology of clostridium difficile infection in two tertiary-care hospitals in perth, western australia: a cross-sectional study
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4184660/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356346
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nmi2.43
work_keys_str_mv AT fosternf epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT collinsda epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT ditchburnsl epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT duncancn epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT vanschalkwykjw epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT golledgecl epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT keedabr epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy
AT rileytv epidemiologyofclostridiumdifficileinfectionintwotertiarycarehospitalsinperthwesternaustraliaacrosssectionalstudy