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State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010
OBJECTIVES: To document overall, racial, ethnic and intent-specific spatiotemporal trends of firearm-related fatality rates (FRF rates) in the USA. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study per year from 2000 to 2010. SETTING: USA. PARTICIPANTS: Aggregate count of all people in the USA from 2000 to 2010. OUTCOM...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4185336/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25239291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005628 |
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author | Kalesan, Bindu Vasan, Sowmya Mobily, Matthew E Villarreal, Marcos D Hlavacek, Patrick Teperman, Sheldon Fagan, Jeffrey A Galea, Sandro |
author_facet | Kalesan, Bindu Vasan, Sowmya Mobily, Matthew E Villarreal, Marcos D Hlavacek, Patrick Teperman, Sheldon Fagan, Jeffrey A Galea, Sandro |
author_sort | Kalesan, Bindu |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To document overall, racial, ethnic and intent-specific spatiotemporal trends of firearm-related fatality rates (FRF rates) in the USA. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study per year from 2000 to 2010. SETTING: USA. PARTICIPANTS: Aggregate count of all people in the USA from 2000 to 2010. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System from 2000 to 2010 was used to determine annual FRF rates per 100 000 and by states, race, ethnicity and intent. RESULTS: The average national 11-year FRF rate was 10.21/100 000, from 3.02 in Hawaii to 18.62 in Louisiana: 60% of states had higher than national rates and 41 states showed no temporal change. The average national FRF rates among African-Americans and Caucasians were 18.51 and 9.05/100 000 and among Hispanics and non-Hispanics were 7.13 and 10.13/100 000; Hispanics had a decreasing change of −0.18, p trend<0.0001. In states with increasing trends (Florida and Massachusetts), Caucasians and non-Hispanics drove the rise; while in states with decreasing trends (California, North Carolina, Arizona, Nevada, New York, Illinois, Maryland), Hispanics and African-Americans drove the fall. The average national FRF rates due to homicides (4.1/100 000) and suicides (5.8/100 000) remained constant, but varied between states. CONCLUSIONS: Endemic national FRF rates mask a wide variation in time trends between states. FRF rates were twice as high in African-Americans than Caucasians but decreased among Hispanics. Efforts to identify state-specific best practices can contribute to changes in national FRF rates that remain high. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4185336 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41853362014-10-08 State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 Kalesan, Bindu Vasan, Sowmya Mobily, Matthew E Villarreal, Marcos D Hlavacek, Patrick Teperman, Sheldon Fagan, Jeffrey A Galea, Sandro BMJ Open Public Health OBJECTIVES: To document overall, racial, ethnic and intent-specific spatiotemporal trends of firearm-related fatality rates (FRF rates) in the USA. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study per year from 2000 to 2010. SETTING: USA. PARTICIPANTS: Aggregate count of all people in the USA from 2000 to 2010. OUTCOME MEASURES: Data from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System from 2000 to 2010 was used to determine annual FRF rates per 100 000 and by states, race, ethnicity and intent. RESULTS: The average national 11-year FRF rate was 10.21/100 000, from 3.02 in Hawaii to 18.62 in Louisiana: 60% of states had higher than national rates and 41 states showed no temporal change. The average national FRF rates among African-Americans and Caucasians were 18.51 and 9.05/100 000 and among Hispanics and non-Hispanics were 7.13 and 10.13/100 000; Hispanics had a decreasing change of −0.18, p trend<0.0001. In states with increasing trends (Florida and Massachusetts), Caucasians and non-Hispanics drove the rise; while in states with decreasing trends (California, North Carolina, Arizona, Nevada, New York, Illinois, Maryland), Hispanics and African-Americans drove the fall. The average national FRF rates due to homicides (4.1/100 000) and suicides (5.8/100 000) remained constant, but varied between states. CONCLUSIONS: Endemic national FRF rates mask a wide variation in time trends between states. FRF rates were twice as high in African-Americans than Caucasians but decreased among Hispanics. Efforts to identify state-specific best practices can contribute to changes in national FRF rates that remain high. BMJ Publishing Group 2014-09-01 /pmc/articles/PMC4185336/ /pubmed/25239291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005628 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
spellingShingle | Public Health Kalesan, Bindu Vasan, Sowmya Mobily, Matthew E Villarreal, Marcos D Hlavacek, Patrick Teperman, Sheldon Fagan, Jeffrey A Galea, Sandro State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title | State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title_full | State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title_fullStr | State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title_full_unstemmed | State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title_short | State-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the USA from 2000 to 2010 |
title_sort | state-specific, racial and ethnic heterogeneity in trends of firearm-related fatality rates in the usa from 2000 to 2010 |
topic | Public Health |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4185336/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25239291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005628 |
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