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The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code

The evolution of the genetic code is mapped out starting with the aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases and their interaction with the operational code in the tRNA acceptor arm. Combining this operational code with a metric based on the biosynthesis of amino acids from the Citric acid, we come to the conclusio...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Hartman, Hyman, Smith, Temple F.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4187167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25370196
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4020227
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author Hartman, Hyman
Smith, Temple F.
author_facet Hartman, Hyman
Smith, Temple F.
author_sort Hartman, Hyman
collection PubMed
description The evolution of the genetic code is mapped out starting with the aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases and their interaction with the operational code in the tRNA acceptor arm. Combining this operational code with a metric based on the biosynthesis of amino acids from the Citric acid, we come to the conclusion that the earliest genetic code was a Guanine Cytosine (GC) code. This has implications for the likely earliest positively charged amino acids. The progression from this pure GC code to the extant one is traced out in the evolution of the Large Ribosomal Subunit, LSU, and its proteins; in particular those associated with the Peptidyl Transfer Center (PTC) and the nascent peptide exit tunnel. This progression has implications for the earliest encoded peptides and their evolutionary progression into full complex proteins.
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spelling pubmed-41871672014-10-27 The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code Hartman, Hyman Smith, Temple F. Life (Basel) Article The evolution of the genetic code is mapped out starting with the aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases and their interaction with the operational code in the tRNA acceptor arm. Combining this operational code with a metric based on the biosynthesis of amino acids from the Citric acid, we come to the conclusion that the earliest genetic code was a Guanine Cytosine (GC) code. This has implications for the likely earliest positively charged amino acids. The progression from this pure GC code to the extant one is traced out in the evolution of the Large Ribosomal Subunit, LSU, and its proteins; in particular those associated with the Peptidyl Transfer Center (PTC) and the nascent peptide exit tunnel. This progression has implications for the earliest encoded peptides and their evolutionary progression into full complex proteins. MDPI 2014-05-20 /pmc/articles/PMC4187167/ /pubmed/25370196 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4020227 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Hartman, Hyman
Smith, Temple F.
The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title_full The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title_fullStr The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title_short The Evolution of the Ribosome and the Genetic Code
title_sort evolution of the ribosome and the genetic code
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4187167/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25370196
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life4020227
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