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Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination
Retrovirus population diversity within infected hosts is commonly high due in part to elevated rates of replication, mutation, and recombination. This high genetic diversity often complicates the development of effective diagnostics, vaccines, and antiviral drugs. This review highlights the diverse...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25254386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6093612 |
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author | Rawson, Jonathan M.O. Mansky, Louis M. |
author_facet | Rawson, Jonathan M.O. Mansky, Louis M. |
author_sort | Rawson, Jonathan M.O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Retrovirus population diversity within infected hosts is commonly high due in part to elevated rates of replication, mutation, and recombination. This high genetic diversity often complicates the development of effective diagnostics, vaccines, and antiviral drugs. This review highlights the diverse vectors and approaches that have been used to examine mutation and recombination in retroviruses. Retroviral vectors for these purposes can broadly be divided into two categories: those that utilize reporter genes as mutation or recombination targets and those that utilize viral genes as targets of mutation or recombination. Reporter gene vectors greatly facilitate the detection, quantification, and characterization of mutants and/or recombinants, but may not fully recapitulate the patterns of mutagenesis or recombination observed in native viral gene sequences. In contrast, the detection of mutations or recombination events directly in viral genes is more biologically relevant but also typically more challenging and inefficient. We will highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the various vectors and approaches used as well as propose ways in which they could be improved. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4189041 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41890412014-10-08 Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination Rawson, Jonathan M.O. Mansky, Louis M. Viruses Review Retrovirus population diversity within infected hosts is commonly high due in part to elevated rates of replication, mutation, and recombination. This high genetic diversity often complicates the development of effective diagnostics, vaccines, and antiviral drugs. This review highlights the diverse vectors and approaches that have been used to examine mutation and recombination in retroviruses. Retroviral vectors for these purposes can broadly be divided into two categories: those that utilize reporter genes as mutation or recombination targets and those that utilize viral genes as targets of mutation or recombination. Reporter gene vectors greatly facilitate the detection, quantification, and characterization of mutants and/or recombinants, but may not fully recapitulate the patterns of mutagenesis or recombination observed in native viral gene sequences. In contrast, the detection of mutations or recombination events directly in viral genes is more biologically relevant but also typically more challenging and inefficient. We will highlight the advantages and disadvantages of the various vectors and approaches used as well as propose ways in which they could be improved. MDPI 2014-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4189041/ /pubmed/25254386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6093612 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Rawson, Jonathan M.O. Mansky, Louis M. Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title | Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title_full | Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title_fullStr | Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title_full_unstemmed | Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title_short | Retroviral Vectors for Analysis of Viral Mutagenesis and Recombination |
title_sort | retroviral vectors for analysis of viral mutagenesis and recombination |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4189041/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25254386 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6093612 |
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