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Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population
BACKGROUND: The development of malaria vaccine has been hindered by the allele-specific responses produced by some parasite antigens’ high genetic diversity. Such antigen genetic diversity must thus be evaluated when designing a completely effective vaccine. Plasmodium falciparum P12, P38 and P41 pr...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4190493/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25269993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-388 |
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author | Forero-Rodríguez, Johanna Garzón-Ospina, Diego Patarroyo, Manuel A |
author_facet | Forero-Rodríguez, Johanna Garzón-Ospina, Diego Patarroyo, Manuel A |
author_sort | Forero-Rodríguez, Johanna |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The development of malaria vaccine has been hindered by the allele-specific responses produced by some parasite antigens’ high genetic diversity. Such antigen genetic diversity must thus be evaluated when designing a completely effective vaccine. Plasmodium falciparum P12, P38 and P41 proteins have red blood cell binding regions in the s48/45 domains and are located on merozoite surface, P41 forming a heteroduplex with P12. These three genes have been identified in Plasmodium vivax and share similar characteristics with their orthologues in Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium vivax pv12 and pv38 have low genetic diversity but pv41 polymorphism has not been described. METHODS: The present study was aimed at evaluating the P. vivax p41 (pv41) gene’s polymorphism. DNA sequences from Colombian clinical isolates from pv41 gene were analysed for characterising and studying the genetic diversity and the evolutionary forces that produced the variation pattern so observed. RESULTS: Similarly to other members of the 6-Cys family, pv41 had low genetic polymorphism. pv41 3′-end displayed the highest nucleotide diversity value; several substitutions found there were under positive selection. Negatively selected codons at inter-species level were identified in the s48/45 domains; p41 would thus seem to have functional/structural constraints due to the presence of these domains. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the functional constraints of Pv41 s48/45 domains, immune system pressure seems to have allowed non-synonymous substitutions to become fixed within them as an adaptation mechanism; including Pv41 s48/45 domains in a vaccine should thus be carefully evaluated due to these domains containing some allele variants. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-388) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4190493 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41904932014-10-10 Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population Forero-Rodríguez, Johanna Garzón-Ospina, Diego Patarroyo, Manuel A Malar J Research BACKGROUND: The development of malaria vaccine has been hindered by the allele-specific responses produced by some parasite antigens’ high genetic diversity. Such antigen genetic diversity must thus be evaluated when designing a completely effective vaccine. Plasmodium falciparum P12, P38 and P41 proteins have red blood cell binding regions in the s48/45 domains and are located on merozoite surface, P41 forming a heteroduplex with P12. These three genes have been identified in Plasmodium vivax and share similar characteristics with their orthologues in Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium vivax pv12 and pv38 have low genetic diversity but pv41 polymorphism has not been described. METHODS: The present study was aimed at evaluating the P. vivax p41 (pv41) gene’s polymorphism. DNA sequences from Colombian clinical isolates from pv41 gene were analysed for characterising and studying the genetic diversity and the evolutionary forces that produced the variation pattern so observed. RESULTS: Similarly to other members of the 6-Cys family, pv41 had low genetic polymorphism. pv41 3′-end displayed the highest nucleotide diversity value; several substitutions found there were under positive selection. Negatively selected codons at inter-species level were identified in the s48/45 domains; p41 would thus seem to have functional/structural constraints due to the presence of these domains. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the functional constraints of Pv41 s48/45 domains, immune system pressure seems to have allowed non-synonymous substitutions to become fixed within them as an adaptation mechanism; including Pv41 s48/45 domains in a vaccine should thus be carefully evaluated due to these domains containing some allele variants. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-388) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2014-09-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4190493/ /pubmed/25269993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-388 Text en © Forero-Rodríguez et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Forero-Rodríguez, Johanna Garzón-Ospina, Diego Patarroyo, Manuel A Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title | Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title_full | Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title_fullStr | Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title_full_unstemmed | Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title_short | Low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the Plasmodium vivax P41 protein in Colombia’s parasite population |
title_sort | low genetic diversity in the locus encoding the plasmodium vivax p41 protein in colombia’s parasite population |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4190493/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25269993 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-388 |
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