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Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma
BACKGROUND: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a major malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although esophageal cancers rarely metastasize to the brain, the number of patients diagnosed with brain metastases (BM) from EC is steadily increasing. Therefore, the risk factors for BM from EC should be known. Here...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4192927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25317352 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.141468 |
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author | Yamamoto, Takahiro Kuroda, Jun-ichiro Takezaki, Tatsuya Shinojima, Naoki Hide, Takuichiro Makino, Keishi Nakamura, Hideo Yano, Shigetoshi Nishi, Toru Kuratsu, Jun-ichi |
author_facet | Yamamoto, Takahiro Kuroda, Jun-ichiro Takezaki, Tatsuya Shinojima, Naoki Hide, Takuichiro Makino, Keishi Nakamura, Hideo Yano, Shigetoshi Nishi, Toru Kuratsu, Jun-ichi |
author_sort | Yamamoto, Takahiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a major malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although esophageal cancers rarely metastasize to the brain, the number of patients diagnosed with brain metastases (BM) from EC is steadily increasing. Therefore, the risk factors for BM from EC should be known. Here we reviewed our experiences and the previous literature regarding BM from EC. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical features and neurological findings of 19 patients diagnosed with and treated for BM from EC to determine the clinical risk factors and features. RESULTS: In all patients, the lesions were partially or completed located in the thoracic esophagus, and the average size of the EC lesion at diagnosis was 5.8 ± 2.9 cm, which was smaller than the previously reported size of EC lesions accompanied by BM. Patients without lung metastases were more common than those with lung metastases. The lesions in the 13 patients included squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) in 9 (69.2%) and small cell carcinoma (SmCC) in 3 (23.0%). Six patients were not examined. Although there was no trend toward a higher incidence of BM in patients with adenocarcinoma and SqCC, this trend was observed in patients with SmCC. Excluding a single patient with SmCC, all patients had beyond stage III disease at EC diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that BM can occur in patients with EC lesions smaller than those previously reported; moreover, SmCC may be a risk factor for BM from EC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4192927 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-41929272014-10-14 Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma Yamamoto, Takahiro Kuroda, Jun-ichiro Takezaki, Tatsuya Shinojima, Naoki Hide, Takuichiro Makino, Keishi Nakamura, Hideo Yano, Shigetoshi Nishi, Toru Kuratsu, Jun-ichi Surg Neurol Int Original Article BACKGROUND: Esophageal carcinoma (EC) is a major malignancy with a poor prognosis. Although esophageal cancers rarely metastasize to the brain, the number of patients diagnosed with brain metastases (BM) from EC is steadily increasing. Therefore, the risk factors for BM from EC should be known. Here we reviewed our experiences and the previous literature regarding BM from EC. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2013, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical features and neurological findings of 19 patients diagnosed with and treated for BM from EC to determine the clinical risk factors and features. RESULTS: In all patients, the lesions were partially or completed located in the thoracic esophagus, and the average size of the EC lesion at diagnosis was 5.8 ± 2.9 cm, which was smaller than the previously reported size of EC lesions accompanied by BM. Patients without lung metastases were more common than those with lung metastases. The lesions in the 13 patients included squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) in 9 (69.2%) and small cell carcinoma (SmCC) in 3 (23.0%). Six patients were not examined. Although there was no trend toward a higher incidence of BM in patients with adenocarcinoma and SqCC, this trend was observed in patients with SmCC. Excluding a single patient with SmCC, all patients had beyond stage III disease at EC diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that BM can occur in patients with EC lesions smaller than those previously reported; moreover, SmCC may be a risk factor for BM from EC. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2014-09-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4192927/ /pubmed/25317352 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.141468 Text en Copyright: © 2014 Yamamoto T. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Yamamoto, Takahiro Kuroda, Jun-ichiro Takezaki, Tatsuya Shinojima, Naoki Hide, Takuichiro Makino, Keishi Nakamura, Hideo Yano, Shigetoshi Nishi, Toru Kuratsu, Jun-ichi Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title | Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title_full | Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title_short | Characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
title_sort | characteristics of brain metastases from esophageal carcinoma |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4192927/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25317352 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2152-7806.141468 |
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