Production of Structured Phosphatidylcholine with High Content of DHA/EPA by Immobilized Phospholipase A(1)-Catalyzed Transesterification

This paper presents the synthesis of structured phosphatidylcholine (PC) enriched with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) by transesterification of DHA/EPA-rich ethyl esters with PC using immobilized phospholipsase A(1) (PLA(1)) in solvent-free medium. Firstly, liquid PLA(1) was immobilized on resin D380, and it was found that a pH of 5 and a support/PLA(1) ratio (w/v) of 1:3 were the best conditions for the adsorption. Secondly, the immobilized PLA(1) was used to catalyze transesterification of PC and DHA/EPA-rich ethyl esters. The maximal incorporation of DHA and EPA achieved was 30.7% for 24 h of reaction at 55 °C using a substrate mass ratio (PC/ethyl esters) of 1:6, an immobilized PLA(1) loading of 15% and water dosage of 1.25%. Then the reaction mixture was analyzed by (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The composition of reaction product included 16.5% PC, 26.3% 2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-lysophosphatidylcholine (1-LPC), 31.4% 1-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-lysophosphatidylcholine (2-LPC), and 25.8% sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidylcholine (GPC).