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Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Mucosal surface of the intestinal tract is continuously exposed to a large number of microorganisms. To manage the substantial microbial exposure, epithelial surfaces produce a diverse arsenal of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, AMPs are...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204685/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349560 http://dx.doi.org/10.5217/ir.2014.12.1.20 |
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author | Kim, Jung Mogg |
author_facet | Kim, Jung Mogg |
author_sort | Kim, Jung Mogg |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mucosal surface of the intestinal tract is continuously exposed to a large number of microorganisms. To manage the substantial microbial exposure, epithelial surfaces produce a diverse arsenal of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, AMPs are important components of innate immunity in the gut mucosa. They are frequently expressed in response to colonic inflammation and infection. Expression of many AMPs, including human β-defensin 2-4 and cathelicidin, is induced in response to invasion of pathogens or enteric microbiota into the mucosal barrier. In contrast, some AMPs, including human α-defensin 5-6 and human β-defensin 1, are constitutively expressed without microbial contact or invasion. In addition, specific AMPs are reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to altered expression of AMPs or development of autoantibodies against AMPs. The advanced knowledge for AMPs expression in IBD can lead to its potential use as biomarkers for disease activity. Although the administration of exogenous AMPs as therapeutic strategies against IBD is still at an early stage of development, augmented induction of endogenous AMPs may be another interesting future research direction for the protective and therapeutic purposes. This review discusses new advances in our understanding of how intestinal AMPs protect against pathogens and contribute to pathophysiology of IBD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4204685 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42046852014-10-27 Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Kim, Jung Mogg Intestinal Res Review Mucosal surface of the intestinal tract is continuously exposed to a large number of microorganisms. To manage the substantial microbial exposure, epithelial surfaces produce a diverse arsenal of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, AMPs are important components of innate immunity in the gut mucosa. They are frequently expressed in response to colonic inflammation and infection. Expression of many AMPs, including human β-defensin 2-4 and cathelicidin, is induced in response to invasion of pathogens or enteric microbiota into the mucosal barrier. In contrast, some AMPs, including human α-defensin 5-6 and human β-defensin 1, are constitutively expressed without microbial contact or invasion. In addition, specific AMPs are reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to altered expression of AMPs or development of autoantibodies against AMPs. The advanced knowledge for AMPs expression in IBD can lead to its potential use as biomarkers for disease activity. Although the administration of exogenous AMPs as therapeutic strategies against IBD is still at an early stage of development, augmented induction of endogenous AMPs may be another interesting future research direction for the protective and therapeutic purposes. This review discusses new advances in our understanding of how intestinal AMPs protect against pathogens and contribute to pathophysiology of IBD. Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases 2014-01 2014-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC4204685/ /pubmed/25349560 http://dx.doi.org/10.5217/ir.2014.12.1.20 Text en © Copyright 2014. Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases. All rights reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Kim, Jung Mogg Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title | Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title_full | Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title_short | Antimicrobial Proteins in Intestine and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases |
title_sort | antimicrobial proteins in intestine and inflammatory bowel diseases |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204685/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349560 http://dx.doi.org/10.5217/ir.2014.12.1.20 |
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