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The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species

Research on biological invasions has increased rapidly over the past 30 years, generating numerous explanations of how species become invasive. While the mechanisms of invasive species establishment are well studied, the mechanisms driving abundance patterns (i.e. patterns of population density and...

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Autores principales: Zimmermann, Heike, Brandt, Patric, Fischer, Joern, Welk, Erik, von Wehrden, Henrik
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000Research 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352979
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.3740.2
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author Zimmermann, Heike
Brandt, Patric
Fischer, Joern
Welk, Erik
von Wehrden, Henrik
author_facet Zimmermann, Heike
Brandt, Patric
Fischer, Joern
Welk, Erik
von Wehrden, Henrik
author_sort Zimmermann, Heike
collection PubMed
description Research on biological invasions has increased rapidly over the past 30 years, generating numerous explanations of how species become invasive. While the mechanisms of invasive species establishment are well studied, the mechanisms driving abundance patterns (i.e. patterns of population density and population size) remain poorly understood. It is assumed that invasive species typically have higher abundances in their new environments than in their native ranges, and patterns of invasive species abundance differ between invaded regions. To explain differences in invasive species abundance, we propose the Human Release Hypothesis. In parallel to the established Enemy Release Hypothesis, this hypothesis states that the differences in abundance of invasive species are found between regions because population expansion is reduced in some regions through continuous land management and associated cutting of the invasive species. The Human Release Hypothesis does not negate other important drivers of species invasions, but rather should be considered as a potentially important complementary mechanism. We illustrate the hypothesis via a case study on an invasive rose species, and hypothesize which locations globally may be most likely to support high abundances of invasive species. We propose that more extensive empirical work on the Human Release Hypothesis could be useful to test its general applicability.
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spelling pubmed-42072462014-10-27 The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species Zimmermann, Heike Brandt, Patric Fischer, Joern Welk, Erik von Wehrden, Henrik F1000Res Opinion Article Research on biological invasions has increased rapidly over the past 30 years, generating numerous explanations of how species become invasive. While the mechanisms of invasive species establishment are well studied, the mechanisms driving abundance patterns (i.e. patterns of population density and population size) remain poorly understood. It is assumed that invasive species typically have higher abundances in their new environments than in their native ranges, and patterns of invasive species abundance differ between invaded regions. To explain differences in invasive species abundance, we propose the Human Release Hypothesis. In parallel to the established Enemy Release Hypothesis, this hypothesis states that the differences in abundance of invasive species are found between regions because population expansion is reduced in some regions through continuous land management and associated cutting of the invasive species. The Human Release Hypothesis does not negate other important drivers of species invasions, but rather should be considered as a potentially important complementary mechanism. We illustrate the hypothesis via a case study on an invasive rose species, and hypothesize which locations globally may be most likely to support high abundances of invasive species. We propose that more extensive empirical work on the Human Release Hypothesis could be useful to test its general applicability. F1000Research 2014-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4207246/ /pubmed/25352979 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.3740.2 Text en Copyright: © 2014 Zimmermann H et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).
spellingShingle Opinion Article
Zimmermann, Heike
Brandt, Patric
Fischer, Joern
Welk, Erik
von Wehrden, Henrik
The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title_full The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title_fullStr The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title_full_unstemmed The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title_short The Human Release Hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
title_sort human release hypothesis for biological invasions: human activity as a determinant of the abundance of invasive plant species
topic Opinion Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4207246/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352979
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.3740.2
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