The Association Between Urinary Phthalates and Lung Function

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of phthalate exposure on lung function in the Canadian population. METHODS: We tested the association between 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV(l)), forced vital capacity (FVC), and urinary phthalate metabolite levels in a nationally representative sample of 3147, from 6 to 49 years old. RESULTS: An interquartile increase in mono-n-butyl phthalate was associated with decreases in percent predicted FEV(1) of 0.8% (95% confidence interval = 0.3 to 1.4) and in FVC of 0.9% (95% confidence interval = 0.3 to 1.5). Results were similar for mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites, but significant effects of the latter were only seen in males and those at least 17 years old. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence that phthalate exposure may adversely affect lung function in the Canadian population. Given that these chemicals are ubiquitous, the population health burden may be significant if the associations were causal.