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The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment

Prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of male cancer death in Western societies, is typically androgen-dependent, a characteristic that underlies the rationale of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Approximately 90% of patients initially respond to ADT s...

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Autores principales: Dueregger, Andrea, Heidegger, Isabel, Ofer, Philipp, Perktold, Bernhard, Ramoner, Reinhold, Klocker, Helmut, Eder, Iris E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4210931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25338271
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu6104491
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author Dueregger, Andrea
Heidegger, Isabel
Ofer, Philipp
Perktold, Bernhard
Ramoner, Reinhold
Klocker, Helmut
Eder, Iris E.
author_facet Dueregger, Andrea
Heidegger, Isabel
Ofer, Philipp
Perktold, Bernhard
Ramoner, Reinhold
Klocker, Helmut
Eder, Iris E.
author_sort Dueregger, Andrea
collection PubMed
description Prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of male cancer death in Western societies, is typically androgen-dependent, a characteristic that underlies the rationale of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Approximately 90% of patients initially respond to ADT strategies, however many experience side effects including hot flashes, cardiotoxicity, metabolic and musculoskeletal alterations. This review summarizes pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the ability of dietary supplements to alleviate adverse effects arising from ADT. In particular, we focus on herbal compounds, phytoestrogens, selenium (Se), fatty acids (FA), calcium, and Vitamins D and E. Indeed, there is some evidence that calcium and Vitamin D can prevent the development of osteoporosis during ADT. On the other hand, caution should be taken with the antioxidants Se and Vitamin E until the basis underlying their respective association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCa tumor development has been clarified. However, many other promising supplements have not yet been subjected large-scale clinical trials making it difficult to assess their efficacy. Given the demographic trend of increased PCa diagnoses and dependence on ADT as a major therapeutic strategy, further studies are required to objectively evaluate these supplements as adjuvant for PCa patients receiving ADT.
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spelling pubmed-42109312014-10-28 The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment Dueregger, Andrea Heidegger, Isabel Ofer, Philipp Perktold, Bernhard Ramoner, Reinhold Klocker, Helmut Eder, Iris E. Nutrients Review Prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of male cancer death in Western societies, is typically androgen-dependent, a characteristic that underlies the rationale of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Approximately 90% of patients initially respond to ADT strategies, however many experience side effects including hot flashes, cardiotoxicity, metabolic and musculoskeletal alterations. This review summarizes pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the ability of dietary supplements to alleviate adverse effects arising from ADT. In particular, we focus on herbal compounds, phytoestrogens, selenium (Se), fatty acids (FA), calcium, and Vitamins D and E. Indeed, there is some evidence that calcium and Vitamin D can prevent the development of osteoporosis during ADT. On the other hand, caution should be taken with the antioxidants Se and Vitamin E until the basis underlying their respective association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCa tumor development has been clarified. However, many other promising supplements have not yet been subjected large-scale clinical trials making it difficult to assess their efficacy. Given the demographic trend of increased PCa diagnoses and dependence on ADT as a major therapeutic strategy, further studies are required to objectively evaluate these supplements as adjuvant for PCa patients receiving ADT. MDPI 2014-10-21 /pmc/articles/PMC4210931/ /pubmed/25338271 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu6104491 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Dueregger, Andrea
Heidegger, Isabel
Ofer, Philipp
Perktold, Bernhard
Ramoner, Reinhold
Klocker, Helmut
Eder, Iris E.
The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title_full The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title_fullStr The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title_full_unstemmed The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title_short The Use of Dietary Supplements to Alleviate Androgen Deprivation Therapy Side Effects during Prostate Cancer Treatment
title_sort use of dietary supplements to alleviate androgen deprivation therapy side effects during prostate cancer treatment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4210931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25338271
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu6104491
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