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Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection

Frequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatiti...

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Autores principales: Fallahi, Poupak, Ferrari, Silvia Martina, Politti, Ugo, Giuggioli, Dilia, Ferri, Clodoveo, Antonelli, Alessandro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4211174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25374602
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131
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author Fallahi, Poupak
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Politti, Ugo
Giuggioli, Dilia
Ferri, Clodoveo
Antonelli, Alessandro
author_facet Fallahi, Poupak
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Politti, Ugo
Giuggioli, Dilia
Ferri, Clodoveo
Antonelli, Alessandro
author_sort Fallahi, Poupak
collection PubMed
description Frequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatitis B virus infected patients. In patients with “HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia” (MC + HCV), a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders was shown not only compared to controls, but also versus HCV patients without cryoglobulinemia. Patients with MC + HCV or HCV chronic infection show a higher prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer than controls, in particular in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Patients with HCV chronic infection, or with MC + HCV, in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis, show higher serum levels of T-helper (Th)1 (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) chemokine, but normal levels of Th2 (C-C motif) ligand 2 chemokine, than patients without thyroiditis. HCV thyroid infection could act by upregulating CXCL10 gene expression and secretion in thyrocytes recruiting Th1 lymphocytes that secrete interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. These cytokines might induce a further CXCL10 secretion by thyrocytes, thus perpetuating the immune cascade, which may lead to the appearance of autoimmune thyroid disorders in genetically predisposed subjects. A careful monitoring of thyroid function, particularly where nodules occur, is recommended in HCV patients.
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spelling pubmed-42111742014-11-05 Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection Fallahi, Poupak Ferrari, Silvia Martina Politti, Ugo Giuggioli, Dilia Ferri, Clodoveo Antonelli, Alessandro Int J Endocrinol Review Article Frequently, patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection have high levels of serum anti-thyroperoxidase and/or anti-thyroglobulin autoantibodies, ultrasonographic signs of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, and subclinical hypothyroidism, in female gender versus healthy controls, or hepatitis B virus infected patients. In patients with “HCV-associated mixed cryoglobulinemia” (MC + HCV), a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmune disorders was shown not only compared to controls, but also versus HCV patients without cryoglobulinemia. Patients with MC + HCV or HCV chronic infection show a higher prevalence of papillary thyroid cancer than controls, in particular in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Patients with HCV chronic infection, or with MC + HCV, in presence of autoimmune thyroiditis, show higher serum levels of T-helper (Th)1 (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10) chemokine, but normal levels of Th2 (C-C motif) ligand 2 chemokine, than patients without thyroiditis. HCV thyroid infection could act by upregulating CXCL10 gene expression and secretion in thyrocytes recruiting Th1 lymphocytes that secrete interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α. These cytokines might induce a further CXCL10 secretion by thyrocytes, thus perpetuating the immune cascade, which may lead to the appearance of autoimmune thyroid disorders in genetically predisposed subjects. A careful monitoring of thyroid function, particularly where nodules occur, is recommended in HCV patients. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 2014-10-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4211174/ /pubmed/25374602 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131 Text en Copyright © 2014 Poupak Fallahi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Fallahi, Poupak
Ferrari, Silvia Martina
Politti, Ugo
Giuggioli, Dilia
Ferri, Clodoveo
Antonelli, Alessandro
Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title_full Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title_fullStr Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title_full_unstemmed Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title_short Autoimmune and Neoplastic Thyroid Diseases Associated with Hepatitis C Chronic Infection
title_sort autoimmune and neoplastic thyroid diseases associated with hepatitis c chronic infection
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4211174/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25374602
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/935131
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