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“Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles

A newly uncovered means of communication between cells involves intercellular transfer of nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EV), composed of lipids, proteins, and genetic material. EV released by cells of the immune system can play a regulatory role in the induction and suppression of immune respon...

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Autores principales: van der Grein, Susanne G., Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00542
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author van der Grein, Susanne G.
Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M.
author_facet van der Grein, Susanne G.
Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M.
author_sort van der Grein, Susanne G.
collection PubMed
description A newly uncovered means of communication between cells involves intercellular transfer of nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EV), composed of lipids, proteins, and genetic material. EV released by cells of the immune system can play a regulatory role in the induction and suppression of immune responses. These functions may be mediated not only by the bioactive lipids and proteins present in EV but also by EV-associated RNAs. The RNA in EV mainly consists of microRNAs and a large range of other small non-coding RNA species. Since many of these small RNAs have the potential to regulate gene expression, intercellular transfer of these RNAs via EV may cause long-term changes in the function of EV-targeted cells. Several types of innate immune cells release EV that affect innate immune responses and other (patho)physiological processes. Additionally, the innate immune system is influenced by EV released by non-immune cells and EV found in body fluids. In this review, we focus on how EV-associated RNAs contribute to these immune regulatory processes.
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spelling pubmed-42126772014-11-14 “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles van der Grein, Susanne G. Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M. Front Immunol Immunology A newly uncovered means of communication between cells involves intercellular transfer of nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EV), composed of lipids, proteins, and genetic material. EV released by cells of the immune system can play a regulatory role in the induction and suppression of immune responses. These functions may be mediated not only by the bioactive lipids and proteins present in EV but also by EV-associated RNAs. The RNA in EV mainly consists of microRNAs and a large range of other small non-coding RNA species. Since many of these small RNAs have the potential to regulate gene expression, intercellular transfer of these RNAs via EV may cause long-term changes in the function of EV-targeted cells. Several types of innate immune cells release EV that affect innate immune responses and other (patho)physiological processes. Additionally, the innate immune system is influenced by EV released by non-immune cells and EV found in body fluids. In this review, we focus on how EV-associated RNAs contribute to these immune regulatory processes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC4212677/ /pubmed/25400635 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00542 Text en Copyright © 2014 van der Grein and Nolte-’t Hoen. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
van der Grein, Susanne G.
Nolte-’t Hoen, Esther N. M.
“Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title_full “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title_fullStr “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title_full_unstemmed “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title_short “Small Talk” in the Innate Immune System via RNA-Containing Extracellular Vesicles
title_sort “small talk” in the innate immune system via rna-containing extracellular vesicles
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4212677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400635
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00542
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