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Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania

We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish thei...

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Autores principales: Dida, Gabriel O., Gelder, Frank B., Anyona, Douglas N., Matano, Ally-Said, Abuom, Paul O., Adoka, Samson O., Ouma, Collins, Kanangire, Canisius K., Owuor, Phillip O., Ofulla, Ayub V. O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Co-Action Publishing 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25405008
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281
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author Dida, Gabriel O.
Gelder, Frank B.
Anyona, Douglas N.
Matano, Ally-Said
Abuom, Paul O.
Adoka, Samson O.
Ouma, Collins
Kanangire, Canisius K.
Owuor, Phillip O.
Ofulla, Ayub V. O.
author_facet Dida, Gabriel O.
Gelder, Frank B.
Anyona, Douglas N.
Matano, Ally-Said
Abuom, Paul O.
Adoka, Samson O.
Ouma, Collins
Kanangire, Canisius K.
Owuor, Phillip O.
Ofulla, Ayub V. O.
author_sort Dida, Gabriel O.
collection PubMed
description We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish their influence on the snail abundance and habitat preference. Out of the 39 sites sampled, 10 (25.6%) had snails. The snail species encountered included Biomphalaria pfeifferi Krauss – the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, Bulinus africanus – the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, and Lymnaea natalensis Krauss – the intermediate host of both Fasciola gigantica and F. hepatica Cobbold. Ceratophallus spp., a non-vector snail was also encountered. Most (61.0%) of the snails were encountered in streamside pools. Schistosomiasis-transmitting host snails, B. pfeifferi and B. africanus, were fewer than fascioliasis-transmitting Lymnaea species. All the four different snail species were found to be attached to different aquatic weeds, with B. pfeifferi accounting for over half (61.1%) of the snails attached to the sedge, followed by B. africanus and Lymnaea spp., accounting for 22.2 and 16.7%, respectively. Ceratophallus spp. were non-existent in sedge. The results from this preliminary study show that snails intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis exists in different habitats, in few areas along the Mara River, though their densities are still low to have any noticeable impacts on disease transmission in case they are infected. The mere presence of the vector snails in these focal regions calls for their immediate control and institution of proper regulations, management, and education among the locals that can help curtail the spread of the snails and also schistosomiasis and fascioliasis within the Mara River basin.
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spelling pubmed-42163932014-11-17 Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania Dida, Gabriel O. Gelder, Frank B. Anyona, Douglas N. Matano, Ally-Said Abuom, Paul O. Adoka, Samson O. Ouma, Collins Kanangire, Canisius K. Owuor, Phillip O. Ofulla, Ayub V. O. Infect Ecol Epidemiol Short Communication We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish their influence on the snail abundance and habitat preference. Out of the 39 sites sampled, 10 (25.6%) had snails. The snail species encountered included Biomphalaria pfeifferi Krauss – the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, Bulinus africanus – the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, and Lymnaea natalensis Krauss – the intermediate host of both Fasciola gigantica and F. hepatica Cobbold. Ceratophallus spp., a non-vector snail was also encountered. Most (61.0%) of the snails were encountered in streamside pools. Schistosomiasis-transmitting host snails, B. pfeifferi and B. africanus, were fewer than fascioliasis-transmitting Lymnaea species. All the four different snail species were found to be attached to different aquatic weeds, with B. pfeifferi accounting for over half (61.1%) of the snails attached to the sedge, followed by B. africanus and Lymnaea spp., accounting for 22.2 and 16.7%, respectively. Ceratophallus spp. were non-existent in sedge. The results from this preliminary study show that snails intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis exists in different habitats, in few areas along the Mara River, though their densities are still low to have any noticeable impacts on disease transmission in case they are infected. The mere presence of the vector snails in these focal regions calls for their immediate control and institution of proper regulations, management, and education among the locals that can help curtail the spread of the snails and also schistosomiasis and fascioliasis within the Mara River basin. Co-Action Publishing 2014-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4216393/ /pubmed/25405008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281 Text en © 2014 Gabriel O. Dida et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Short Communication
Dida, Gabriel O.
Gelder, Frank B.
Anyona, Douglas N.
Matano, Ally-Said
Abuom, Paul O.
Adoka, Samson O.
Ouma, Collins
Kanangire, Canisius K.
Owuor, Phillip O.
Ofulla, Ayub V. O.
Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title_full Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title_fullStr Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title_short Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
title_sort distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the mara river in kenya and tanzania
topic Short Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25405008
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281
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