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Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania
We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish thei...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Co-Action Publishing
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25405008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281 |
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author | Dida, Gabriel O. Gelder, Frank B. Anyona, Douglas N. Matano, Ally-Said Abuom, Paul O. Adoka, Samson O. Ouma, Collins Kanangire, Canisius K. Owuor, Phillip O. Ofulla, Ayub V. O. |
author_facet | Dida, Gabriel O. Gelder, Frank B. Anyona, Douglas N. Matano, Ally-Said Abuom, Paul O. Adoka, Samson O. Ouma, Collins Kanangire, Canisius K. Owuor, Phillip O. Ofulla, Ayub V. O. |
author_sort | Dida, Gabriel O. |
collection | PubMed |
description | We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish their influence on the snail abundance and habitat preference. Out of the 39 sites sampled, 10 (25.6%) had snails. The snail species encountered included Biomphalaria pfeifferi Krauss – the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, Bulinus africanus – the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, and Lymnaea natalensis Krauss – the intermediate host of both Fasciola gigantica and F. hepatica Cobbold. Ceratophallus spp., a non-vector snail was also encountered. Most (61.0%) of the snails were encountered in streamside pools. Schistosomiasis-transmitting host snails, B. pfeifferi and B. africanus, were fewer than fascioliasis-transmitting Lymnaea species. All the four different snail species were found to be attached to different aquatic weeds, with B. pfeifferi accounting for over half (61.1%) of the snails attached to the sedge, followed by B. africanus and Lymnaea spp., accounting for 22.2 and 16.7%, respectively. Ceratophallus spp. were non-existent in sedge. The results from this preliminary study show that snails intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis exists in different habitats, in few areas along the Mara River, though their densities are still low to have any noticeable impacts on disease transmission in case they are infected. The mere presence of the vector snails in these focal regions calls for their immediate control and institution of proper regulations, management, and education among the locals that can help curtail the spread of the snails and also schistosomiasis and fascioliasis within the Mara River basin. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4216393 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Co-Action Publishing |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42163932014-11-17 Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania Dida, Gabriel O. Gelder, Frank B. Anyona, Douglas N. Matano, Ally-Said Abuom, Paul O. Adoka, Samson O. Ouma, Collins Kanangire, Canisius K. Owuor, Phillip O. Ofulla, Ayub V. O. Infect Ecol Epidemiol Short Communication We purposively selected 39 sampling sites along the Mara River and its two perennial tributaries of Amala and Nyangores and sampled snails. In addition, water physicochemical parameters (temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity, salinity and pH) were taken to establish their influence on the snail abundance and habitat preference. Out of the 39 sites sampled, 10 (25.6%) had snails. The snail species encountered included Biomphalaria pfeifferi Krauss – the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, Bulinus africanus – the intermediate host of Schistosoma haematobium, and Lymnaea natalensis Krauss – the intermediate host of both Fasciola gigantica and F. hepatica Cobbold. Ceratophallus spp., a non-vector snail was also encountered. Most (61.0%) of the snails were encountered in streamside pools. Schistosomiasis-transmitting host snails, B. pfeifferi and B. africanus, were fewer than fascioliasis-transmitting Lymnaea species. All the four different snail species were found to be attached to different aquatic weeds, with B. pfeifferi accounting for over half (61.1%) of the snails attached to the sedge, followed by B. africanus and Lymnaea spp., accounting for 22.2 and 16.7%, respectively. Ceratophallus spp. were non-existent in sedge. The results from this preliminary study show that snails intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis exists in different habitats, in few areas along the Mara River, though their densities are still low to have any noticeable impacts on disease transmission in case they are infected. The mere presence of the vector snails in these focal regions calls for their immediate control and institution of proper regulations, management, and education among the locals that can help curtail the spread of the snails and also schistosomiasis and fascioliasis within the Mara River basin. Co-Action Publishing 2014-10-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4216393/ /pubmed/25405008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281 Text en © 2014 Gabriel O. Dida et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License, permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Short Communication Dida, Gabriel O. Gelder, Frank B. Anyona, Douglas N. Matano, Ally-Said Abuom, Paul O. Adoka, Samson O. Ouma, Collins Kanangire, Canisius K. Owuor, Phillip O. Ofulla, Ayub V. O. Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title | Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title_full | Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title_fullStr | Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title_full_unstemmed | Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title_short | Distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the Mara River in Kenya and Tanzania |
title_sort | distribution and abundance of schistosomiasis and fascioliasis host snails along the mara river in kenya and tanzania |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4216393/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25405008 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v4.24281 |
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