Cargando…

Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease

Wound healing results from complex signaling between cells and their environment in response to injury. Fibroblasts residing within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of various connective tissues are critical for matrix synthesis and repair. Upon injury or chronic insult, these cells activate into woun...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Smithmyer, Megan E., Sawicki, Lisa A., Kloxin, April M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Royal Society of Chemistry 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4217222/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25379176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3bm60319a
_version_ 1782342364156657664
author Smithmyer, Megan E.
Sawicki, Lisa A.
Kloxin, April M.
author_facet Smithmyer, Megan E.
Sawicki, Lisa A.
Kloxin, April M.
author_sort Smithmyer, Megan E.
collection PubMed
description Wound healing results from complex signaling between cells and their environment in response to injury. Fibroblasts residing within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of various connective tissues are critical for matrix synthesis and repair. Upon injury or chronic insult, these cells activate into wound-healing cells, called myofibroblasts, and repair the damaged tissue through enzyme and protein secretion. However, misregulation and persistence of myofibroblasts can lead to uncontrolled accumulation of matrix proteins, tissue stiffening, and ultimately disease. Extracellular cues are important regulators of fibroblast activation and have been implicated in their persistence. Hydrogel-based culture models have emerged as useful tools to examine fibroblast response to ECM cues presented during these complex processes. In this Mini-Review, we will provide an overview of these model systems, which are built upon naturally-derived or synthetic materials, and mimic relevant biophysical and biochemical properties of the native ECM with different levels of control. Additionally, we will discuss the application of these hydrogel-based systems for the examination of fibroblast function and fate, including adhesion, migration, and activation, as well as approaches for mimicking both static and temporal aspects of extracellular environments. Specifically, we will highlight hydrogels that have been used to investigate the effects of matrix rigidity, protein binding, and cytokine signaling on fibroblast activation. Last, we will describe future directions for the design of hydrogels to develop improved synthetic models that mimic the complex extracellular environment.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-4217222
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2014
publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-42172222015-01-26 Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease Smithmyer, Megan E. Sawicki, Lisa A. Kloxin, April M. Biomater Sci Chemistry Wound healing results from complex signaling between cells and their environment in response to injury. Fibroblasts residing within the extracellular matrix (ECM) of various connective tissues are critical for matrix synthesis and repair. Upon injury or chronic insult, these cells activate into wound-healing cells, called myofibroblasts, and repair the damaged tissue through enzyme and protein secretion. However, misregulation and persistence of myofibroblasts can lead to uncontrolled accumulation of matrix proteins, tissue stiffening, and ultimately disease. Extracellular cues are important regulators of fibroblast activation and have been implicated in their persistence. Hydrogel-based culture models have emerged as useful tools to examine fibroblast response to ECM cues presented during these complex processes. In this Mini-Review, we will provide an overview of these model systems, which are built upon naturally-derived or synthetic materials, and mimic relevant biophysical and biochemical properties of the native ECM with different levels of control. Additionally, we will discuss the application of these hydrogel-based systems for the examination of fibroblast function and fate, including adhesion, migration, and activation, as well as approaches for mimicking both static and temporal aspects of extracellular environments. Specifically, we will highlight hydrogels that have been used to investigate the effects of matrix rigidity, protein binding, and cytokine signaling on fibroblast activation. Last, we will describe future directions for the design of hydrogels to develop improved synthetic models that mimic the complex extracellular environment. Royal Society of Chemistry 2014-05-01 2014-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4217222/ /pubmed/25379176 http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3bm60319a Text en This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Chemistry
Smithmyer, Megan E.
Sawicki, Lisa A.
Kloxin, April M.
Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title_full Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title_fullStr Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title_full_unstemmed Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title_short Hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
title_sort hydrogel scaffolds as in vitro models to study fibroblast activation in wound healing and disease
topic Chemistry
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4217222/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25379176
http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3bm60319a
work_keys_str_mv AT smithmyermegane hydrogelscaffoldsasinvitromodelstostudyfibroblastactivationinwoundhealinganddisease
AT sawickilisaa hydrogelscaffoldsasinvitromodelstostudyfibroblastactivationinwoundhealinganddisease
AT kloxinaprilm hydrogelscaffoldsasinvitromodelstostudyfibroblastactivationinwoundhealinganddisease