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Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression

BACKGROUND: Double flower domestication is of great value in ornamental plants and presents an excellent system to study the mechanism of morphological alterations by human selection. The classic ABC model provides a genetic framework underlying the control of floral organ identity and organogenesis...

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Autores principales: Sun, Yingkun, Fan, Zhengqi, Li, Xinlei, Liu, Zhongchi, Li, Jiyuan, Yin, Hengfu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4219040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25344122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-014-0288-1
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author Sun, Yingkun
Fan, Zhengqi
Li, Xinlei
Liu, Zhongchi
Li, Jiyuan
Yin, Hengfu
author_facet Sun, Yingkun
Fan, Zhengqi
Li, Xinlei
Liu, Zhongchi
Li, Jiyuan
Yin, Hengfu
author_sort Sun, Yingkun
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Double flower domestication is of great value in ornamental plants and presents an excellent system to study the mechanism of morphological alterations by human selection. The classic ABC model provides a genetic framework underlying the control of floral organ identity and organogenesis from which key regulators have been identified and evaluated in many plant species. Recent molecular studies have underscored the importance of C-class homeotic genes, whose functional attenuation contributed to the floral diversity in various species. Cultivated Camellia japonica L. possesses several types of double flowers, however the molecular mechanism underlying their floral morphological diversification remains unclear. RESULTS: In this study, we cloned the C-class orthologous gene CjAG in C. japonica. We analyzed the expression patterns of CjAG in wild C. japonica, and performed ectopic expression in Arabidopsis. These results revealed that CjAG shared conserved C-class function that controls stamen and carpel development. Further we analyzed the expression pattern of CjAG in two different C. japonica double-flower varieties, ‘Shibaxueshi’ and ‘Jinpanlizhi’, and showed that expression of CjAG was highly contracted in ‘Shibaxueshi’ but expanded in inner petals of ‘Jinpanlizhi’. Moreover, detailed expression analyses of B- and C-class genes have uncovered differential patterns of B-class genes in the inner organs of ‘Jinpanlizhi’. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that the contraction and expansion of CjAG expression were associated with the formation of different types of double flowers. Our studies have manifested two different trajectories of double flower domestication regarding the C-class gene expression in C. japonica. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0288-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-42190402014-11-05 Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression Sun, Yingkun Fan, Zhengqi Li, Xinlei Liu, Zhongchi Li, Jiyuan Yin, Hengfu BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Double flower domestication is of great value in ornamental plants and presents an excellent system to study the mechanism of morphological alterations by human selection. The classic ABC model provides a genetic framework underlying the control of floral organ identity and organogenesis from which key regulators have been identified and evaluated in many plant species. Recent molecular studies have underscored the importance of C-class homeotic genes, whose functional attenuation contributed to the floral diversity in various species. Cultivated Camellia japonica L. possesses several types of double flowers, however the molecular mechanism underlying their floral morphological diversification remains unclear. RESULTS: In this study, we cloned the C-class orthologous gene CjAG in C. japonica. We analyzed the expression patterns of CjAG in wild C. japonica, and performed ectopic expression in Arabidopsis. These results revealed that CjAG shared conserved C-class function that controls stamen and carpel development. Further we analyzed the expression pattern of CjAG in two different C. japonica double-flower varieties, ‘Shibaxueshi’ and ‘Jinpanlizhi’, and showed that expression of CjAG was highly contracted in ‘Shibaxueshi’ but expanded in inner petals of ‘Jinpanlizhi’. Moreover, detailed expression analyses of B- and C-class genes have uncovered differential patterns of B-class genes in the inner organs of ‘Jinpanlizhi’. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that the contraction and expansion of CjAG expression were associated with the formation of different types of double flowers. Our studies have manifested two different trajectories of double flower domestication regarding the C-class gene expression in C. japonica. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0288-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2014-10-25 /pmc/articles/PMC4219040/ /pubmed/25344122 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-014-0288-1 Text en © Sun et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Sun, Yingkun
Fan, Zhengqi
Li, Xinlei
Liu, Zhongchi
Li, Jiyuan
Yin, Hengfu
Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title_full Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title_fullStr Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title_full_unstemmed Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title_short Distinct double flower varieties in Camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of C-class gene expression
title_sort distinct double flower varieties in camellia japonica exhibit both expansion and contraction of c-class gene expression
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4219040/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25344122
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-014-0288-1
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