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The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens
In nature, most plants are resistant to a wide range of phytopathogens. However, mechanisms contributing to this so-called nonhost resistance (NHR) are poorly understood. Besides constitutive defenses, plants have developed two layers of inducible defense systems. Plant innate immunity relies on rec...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4224059/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25426123 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00582 |
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author | Stam, Remco Mantelin, Sophie McLellan, Hazel Thilliez, Gaëtan |
author_facet | Stam, Remco Mantelin, Sophie McLellan, Hazel Thilliez, Gaëtan |
author_sort | Stam, Remco |
collection | PubMed |
description | In nature, most plants are resistant to a wide range of phytopathogens. However, mechanisms contributing to this so-called nonhost resistance (NHR) are poorly understood. Besides constitutive defenses, plants have developed two layers of inducible defense systems. Plant innate immunity relies on recognition of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In compatible interactions, pathogenicity effector molecules secreted by the invader can suppress host defense responses and facilitate the infection process. Additionally, plants have evolved pathogen-specific resistance mechanisms based on recognition of these effectors, which causes secondary defense responses. The current effector-driven hypothesis is that NHR in plants that are distantly related to the host plant is triggered by PAMP recognition that cannot be efficiently suppressed by the pathogen, whereas in more closely related species, nonhost recognition of effectors would play a crucial role. In this review we give an overview of current knowledge of the role of effector molecules in host and NHR and place these findings in the context of the model. We focus on examples from filamentous pathogens (fungi and oomycetes), discuss their implications for the field of plant-pathogen interactions and relevance in plant breeding strategies for development of durable resistance in crops. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4224059 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42240592014-11-25 The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens Stam, Remco Mantelin, Sophie McLellan, Hazel Thilliez, Gaëtan Front Plant Sci Plant Science In nature, most plants are resistant to a wide range of phytopathogens. However, mechanisms contributing to this so-called nonhost resistance (NHR) are poorly understood. Besides constitutive defenses, plants have developed two layers of inducible defense systems. Plant innate immunity relies on recognition of conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In compatible interactions, pathogenicity effector molecules secreted by the invader can suppress host defense responses and facilitate the infection process. Additionally, plants have evolved pathogen-specific resistance mechanisms based on recognition of these effectors, which causes secondary defense responses. The current effector-driven hypothesis is that NHR in plants that are distantly related to the host plant is triggered by PAMP recognition that cannot be efficiently suppressed by the pathogen, whereas in more closely related species, nonhost recognition of effectors would play a crucial role. In this review we give an overview of current knowledge of the role of effector molecules in host and NHR and place these findings in the context of the model. We focus on examples from filamentous pathogens (fungi and oomycetes), discuss their implications for the field of plant-pathogen interactions and relevance in plant breeding strategies for development of durable resistance in crops. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-11-05 /pmc/articles/PMC4224059/ /pubmed/25426123 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00582 Text en Copyright © 2014 Stam, Mantelin, McLellan and Thilliez. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Plant Science Stam, Remco Mantelin, Sophie McLellan, Hazel Thilliez, Gaëtan The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title | The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title_full | The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title_fullStr | The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title_short | The role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
title_sort | role of effectors in nonhost resistance to filamentous plant pathogens |
topic | Plant Science |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4224059/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25426123 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00582 |
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