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Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014
INTRODUCTION: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the survival of HIV patients and turned HIV infection into a chronic condition, treatment modifications and poor adherence might limit this therapeutic success. METHODS: Patients from the Austrian HIV Cohort Study, who started their firs...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
International AIDS Society
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4225345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25397512 http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.17.4.19768 |
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author | Rappold, Michaela Rieger, Armin Steuer, Andrea Geit, Maria Sarcletti, Mario Haas, Bernhard Taylor, Ninon Kanatschnig, Manfred Leierer, Gisela Ledergerber, Bruno Zangerle, Robert |
author_facet | Rappold, Michaela Rieger, Armin Steuer, Andrea Geit, Maria Sarcletti, Mario Haas, Bernhard Taylor, Ninon Kanatschnig, Manfred Leierer, Gisela Ledergerber, Bruno Zangerle, Robert |
author_sort | Rappold, Michaela |
collection | PubMed |
description | INTRODUCTION: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the survival of HIV patients and turned HIV infection into a chronic condition, treatment modifications and poor adherence might limit this therapeutic success. METHODS: Patients from the Austrian HIV Cohort Study, who started their first ART after Rilpivirine became available in February 2011, were analyzed for factors associated with treatment modification which could be either a change of drugs or a stop of the regimen. A drug was considered as stopped when the regimen was interrupted for more than eight days. Drugs of particular interest were Darunavir (DRV), Atazanavir (ATV), Raltegravir (RAL), Rilpivirine (RPV) and Efavirenz (EFV). RPV and EFV were analyzed only when taken as single tablet regimen. Other drugs were summarized as “other.” Proportional hazards regression methods were used to identify predictors of discontinuation and Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to calculate probabilities of discontinuation. Patients who died were censored at the date of death. RESULTS: 965 patients started ART, 282 with DRV, 161 with ATV, 96 with RAL, 108 with RPV and 118 with EFV. Median time for taking initial ART is 11.6 months. 322 (33.4%) patients modified their initial ART. The overall probability of modification at one year was 28.7%, at two years 40.0% and at three years 49.8%. In a multivariable proportional hazards regression analysis, AIDS diagnosis at baseline and injecting drug use (IDU) of men compared with men who have sex with men (MSM) have a higher risk of switch/stop. Compared with DRV, RPV showed a much lower and ATV and particularly “other” a higher risk for discontinuation (Table 1). Availability of more effective/convenient treatment (28.9%) was the main reason for discontinuation, especially in the group “other” (43.5%), RAL (34.6%) and DRV (31.6%). Non-specified patient or physician wish to modify therapy was revealed in 17.4% and 9.3% respectively. EFV was modified in 52.8% due to central nervous system toxicity and ATV in 27.8% for gastrointestinal toxicity including hyperbilirubinemia. CONCLUSION: Rates of modification and interruption were still high in recent years, particularly in the first year of ART. The decreased rate of modification found in patients treated with Rilpivirine may be attributed to selection of patients according to guidelines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4225345 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | International AIDS Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42253452014-11-13 Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 Rappold, Michaela Rieger, Armin Steuer, Andrea Geit, Maria Sarcletti, Mario Haas, Bernhard Taylor, Ninon Kanatschnig, Manfred Leierer, Gisela Ledergerber, Bruno Zangerle, Robert J Int AIDS Soc Poster Sessions – Abstract P236 INTRODUCTION: While antiretroviral therapy (ART) has increased the survival of HIV patients and turned HIV infection into a chronic condition, treatment modifications and poor adherence might limit this therapeutic success. METHODS: Patients from the Austrian HIV Cohort Study, who started their first ART after Rilpivirine became available in February 2011, were analyzed for factors associated with treatment modification which could be either a change of drugs or a stop of the regimen. A drug was considered as stopped when the regimen was interrupted for more than eight days. Drugs of particular interest were Darunavir (DRV), Atazanavir (ATV), Raltegravir (RAL), Rilpivirine (RPV) and Efavirenz (EFV). RPV and EFV were analyzed only when taken as single tablet regimen. Other drugs were summarized as “other.” Proportional hazards regression methods were used to identify predictors of discontinuation and Kaplan–Meier estimates were used to calculate probabilities of discontinuation. Patients who died were censored at the date of death. RESULTS: 965 patients started ART, 282 with DRV, 161 with ATV, 96 with RAL, 108 with RPV and 118 with EFV. Median time for taking initial ART is 11.6 months. 322 (33.4%) patients modified their initial ART. The overall probability of modification at one year was 28.7%, at two years 40.0% and at three years 49.8%. In a multivariable proportional hazards regression analysis, AIDS diagnosis at baseline and injecting drug use (IDU) of men compared with men who have sex with men (MSM) have a higher risk of switch/stop. Compared with DRV, RPV showed a much lower and ATV and particularly “other” a higher risk for discontinuation (Table 1). Availability of more effective/convenient treatment (28.9%) was the main reason for discontinuation, especially in the group “other” (43.5%), RAL (34.6%) and DRV (31.6%). Non-specified patient or physician wish to modify therapy was revealed in 17.4% and 9.3% respectively. EFV was modified in 52.8% due to central nervous system toxicity and ATV in 27.8% for gastrointestinal toxicity including hyperbilirubinemia. CONCLUSION: Rates of modification and interruption were still high in recent years, particularly in the first year of ART. The decreased rate of modification found in patients treated with Rilpivirine may be attributed to selection of patients according to guidelines. International AIDS Society 2014-11-02 /pmc/articles/PMC4225345/ /pubmed/25397512 http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.17.4.19768 Text en © 2014 Rappold M et al; licensee International AIDS Society http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Poster Sessions – Abstract P236 Rappold, Michaela Rieger, Armin Steuer, Andrea Geit, Maria Sarcletti, Mario Haas, Bernhard Taylor, Ninon Kanatschnig, Manfred Leierer, Gisela Ledergerber, Bruno Zangerle, Robert Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title | Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title_full | Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title_fullStr | Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title_full_unstemmed | Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title_short | Treatment modification in HIV-Infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
title_sort | treatment modification in hiv-infected individuals starting antiretroviral therapy between 2011 and 2014 |
topic | Poster Sessions – Abstract P236 |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4225345/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25397512 http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.17.4.19768 |
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