A randomised controlled trial of an automated oxygen delivery algorithm for preterm neonates receiving supplemental oxygen without mechanical ventilation

AIM: Providing consistent levels of oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) for infants in neonatal intensive care units is not easy. This study explored how effectively the Auto-Mixer® algorithm automatically adjusted fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO(2)) levels to maintain SpO(2) within an intended range in extremely low birth weight infants receiving supplemental oxygen without mechanical ventilation. METHODS: Twenty extremely low birth weight infants were randomly assigned to the Auto-Mixer® group or the manual intervention group and studied for 12 h. The SpO(2) target was 85–93%, and the outcomes were the percentage of time SpO(2) was within target, SpO(2) variability, SpO(2) >95%, oxygen received and manual interventions. RESULTS: The percentage of time within intended SpO(2) was 58 ± 4% in the Auto-Mixer® group and 33.7 ± 4.7% in the manual group, SpO(2) >95% was 26.5% vs 54.8%, average SpO(2) and FiO(2) were 89.8% vs 92.2% and 37% vs 44.1%, and manual interventions were 0 vs 80 (p < 0.05). Brief periods of SpO(2) < 85% occurred more frequently in the Auto-Mixer® group. CONCLUSION: The Auto-Mixer® effectively increased the percentage of time that SpO(2) was within the intended target range and decreased the time with high SpO(2) in spontaneously breathing extremely low birth weight infants receiving supplemental oxygen.