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Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute, tick borne disease often associated with hemorrhagic presentations and high case fatality rate. Kosovo is a highly endemic area for CCHF, with a significant case fatality rate. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of CCHF in Kosovo....

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Autores principales: Fajs, Luka, Humolli, Isme, Saksida, Ana, Knap, Nataša, Jelovšek, Mateja, Korva, Miša, Dedushaj, Isuf, Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4230912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25393542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110982
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author Fajs, Luka
Humolli, Isme
Saksida, Ana
Knap, Nataša
Jelovšek, Mateja
Korva, Miša
Dedushaj, Isuf
Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
author_facet Fajs, Luka
Humolli, Isme
Saksida, Ana
Knap, Nataša
Jelovšek, Mateja
Korva, Miša
Dedushaj, Isuf
Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
author_sort Fajs, Luka
collection PubMed
description Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute, tick borne disease often associated with hemorrhagic presentations and high case fatality rate. Kosovo is a highly endemic area for CCHF, with a significant case fatality rate. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of CCHF in Kosovo. We tested 1105 serum samples from healthy population in both endemic and non-endemic areas in the country. Our results revealed a seroprevalence of 4.0% (range 0–9.3%) which is comparable to the seroprevalence in other countries. We show that seroprevalence is correlated to the disease incidence in each studied municipality. We also tested 401 animal sera (353 cow, 30 sheep, 10 goat and 8 chicken) in four endemic municipalities in Kosovo. We detected specific antibodies in all animals except in chicken. Seroprevalence in cows is comparable to other endemic areas and correlates to the seroprevalence in humans. No CCHF RNA could be detected in 105 tick samples obtained in 2012 and 2013. Sequencing of CCHFV positive ticks from 2001 revealed that the virus is most closely related to viral strains that were detected in CCHF patients from Kosovo. Results suggest that mild CCHF cases are most probably underdiagnosed and consequently that the burden of disease is higher than reported. Our study provides key information for CCHF surveillance and raises awareness for possible imported cases in CCHF non-endemic countries.
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spelling pubmed-42309122014-11-18 Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo Fajs, Luka Humolli, Isme Saksida, Ana Knap, Nataša Jelovšek, Mateja Korva, Miša Dedushaj, Isuf Avšič-Županc, Tatjana PLoS One Research Article Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an acute, tick borne disease often associated with hemorrhagic presentations and high case fatality rate. Kosovo is a highly endemic area for CCHF, with a significant case fatality rate. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of CCHF in Kosovo. We tested 1105 serum samples from healthy population in both endemic and non-endemic areas in the country. Our results revealed a seroprevalence of 4.0% (range 0–9.3%) which is comparable to the seroprevalence in other countries. We show that seroprevalence is correlated to the disease incidence in each studied municipality. We also tested 401 animal sera (353 cow, 30 sheep, 10 goat and 8 chicken) in four endemic municipalities in Kosovo. We detected specific antibodies in all animals except in chicken. Seroprevalence in cows is comparable to other endemic areas and correlates to the seroprevalence in humans. No CCHF RNA could be detected in 105 tick samples obtained in 2012 and 2013. Sequencing of CCHFV positive ticks from 2001 revealed that the virus is most closely related to viral strains that were detected in CCHF patients from Kosovo. Results suggest that mild CCHF cases are most probably underdiagnosed and consequently that the burden of disease is higher than reported. Our study provides key information for CCHF surveillance and raises awareness for possible imported cases in CCHF non-endemic countries. Public Library of Science 2014-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC4230912/ /pubmed/25393542 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110982 Text en © 2014 Fajs et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Fajs, Luka
Humolli, Isme
Saksida, Ana
Knap, Nataša
Jelovšek, Mateja
Korva, Miša
Dedushaj, Isuf
Avšič-Županc, Tatjana
Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title_full Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title_fullStr Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title_short Prevalence of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Healthy Population, Livestock and Ticks in Kosovo
title_sort prevalence of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus in healthy population, livestock and ticks in kosovo
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4230912/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25393542
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110982
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