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Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism

Archeological and paleontological evidences point to East Africa as the likely area of early evolution of modern humans. Genetic studies also indicate that populations from the region often contain, but not exclusively, representatives of the more basal clades of mitochondrial and Y-chromosome phylo...

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Autores principales: Gebremeskel, Eyoab I, Ibrahim, Muntaser E
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4231410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2014.41
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author Gebremeskel, Eyoab I
Ibrahim, Muntaser E
author_facet Gebremeskel, Eyoab I
Ibrahim, Muntaser E
author_sort Gebremeskel, Eyoab I
collection PubMed
description Archeological and paleontological evidences point to East Africa as the likely area of early evolution of modern humans. Genetic studies also indicate that populations from the region often contain, but not exclusively, representatives of the more basal clades of mitochondrial and Y-chromosome phylogenies. Most Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in Africa, however, is present within macrohaplogroup E that seem to have appeared 21 000–32 000 YBP somewhere between the Red Sea and Lake Chad. The combined analysis of 17 bi-allelic markers in 1214 Y chromosomes together with cultural background of 49 populations displayed in various metrics: network, multidimensional scaling, principal component analysis and neighbor-joining plots, indicate a major contribution of East African populations to the foundation of the macrohaplogroup, suggesting a diversification that predates the appearance of some cultural traits and the subsequent expansion that is more associated with the cultural and linguistic diversity witnessed today. The proto-Afro-Asiatic group carrying the E-P2 mutation may have appeared at this point in time and subsequently gave rise to the different major population groups including current speakers of the Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralist populations.
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spelling pubmed-42314102014-12-01 Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism Gebremeskel, Eyoab I Ibrahim, Muntaser E Eur J Hum Genet Article Archeological and paleontological evidences point to East Africa as the likely area of early evolution of modern humans. Genetic studies also indicate that populations from the region often contain, but not exclusively, representatives of the more basal clades of mitochondrial and Y-chromosome phylogenies. Most Y-chromosome haplogroup diversity in Africa, however, is present within macrohaplogroup E that seem to have appeared 21 000–32 000 YBP somewhere between the Red Sea and Lake Chad. The combined analysis of 17 bi-allelic markers in 1214 Y chromosomes together with cultural background of 49 populations displayed in various metrics: network, multidimensional scaling, principal component analysis and neighbor-joining plots, indicate a major contribution of East African populations to the foundation of the macrohaplogroup, suggesting a diversification that predates the appearance of some cultural traits and the subsequent expansion that is more associated with the cultural and linguistic diversity witnessed today. The proto-Afro-Asiatic group carrying the E-P2 mutation may have appeared at this point in time and subsequently gave rise to the different major population groups including current speakers of the Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralist populations. Nature Publishing Group 2014-12 2014-03-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4231410/ /pubmed/24667790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2014.41 Text en Copyright © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
spellingShingle Article
Gebremeskel, Eyoab I
Ibrahim, Muntaser E
Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title_full Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title_fullStr Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title_full_unstemmed Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title_short Y-chromosome E haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of Afro-Asiatic languages and pastoralism
title_sort y-chromosome e haplogroups: their distribution and implication to the origin of afro-asiatic languages and pastoralism
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4231410/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24667790
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2014.41
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