S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract
The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however,...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232382/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25398130 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112469 |
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author | Scheer, Sebastian Krempl, Christine Kallfass, Carsten Frey, Stefanie Jakob, Thilo Mouahid, Gabriel Moné, Hélène Schmitt-Gräff, Annette Staeheli, Peter Lamers, Marinus C. |
author_facet | Scheer, Sebastian Krempl, Christine Kallfass, Carsten Frey, Stefanie Jakob, Thilo Mouahid, Gabriel Moné, Hélène Schmitt-Gräff, Annette Staeheli, Peter Lamers, Marinus C. |
author_sort | Scheer, Sebastian |
collection | PubMed |
description | The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however, indispensable for anti-viral immune responses. Remarkably, there is no reliable literature among 230 million patients worldwide describing defective anti-viral immune responses in the upper respiratory tract, for instance against influenza A virus or against respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). We therefore re-examined the immune response to a human isolate of S. mansoni and challenged mice in the chronic phase of schistosomiasis with influenza A virus, or with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse virus to model RSV infections. We found that mice with chronic schistosomiasis had significant, systemic immune responses induced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 helper cells. High serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, and GM-CSF were found after mating and oviposition. The lungs of diseased mice showed low-grade inflammation, with goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive mucus secretion, which was alleviated by treatment with an anti-TNF-α agent (Etanercept). Mice with chronic schistosomiasis were to a relative, but significant extent protected from a secondary viral respiratory challenge. The protection correlated with the onset of oviposition and TNF-α-mediated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion, suggesting that these mechanisms are involved in enhanced immune protection to respiratory viruses during chronic murine schistosomiasis. Indeed, also in a model of allergic airway inflammation mice were protected from a viral respiratory challenge with PVM. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4232382 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42323822014-11-26 S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract Scheer, Sebastian Krempl, Christine Kallfass, Carsten Frey, Stefanie Jakob, Thilo Mouahid, Gabriel Moné, Hélène Schmitt-Gräff, Annette Staeheli, Peter Lamers, Marinus C. PLoS One Research Article The human intestinal parasite Schistosoma mansoni causes a chronic disease, schistosomiasis or bilharzia. According to the current literature, the parasite induces vigorous immune responses that are controlled by Th2 helper cells at the expense of Th1 helper cells. The latter cell type is, however, indispensable for anti-viral immune responses. Remarkably, there is no reliable literature among 230 million patients worldwide describing defective anti-viral immune responses in the upper respiratory tract, for instance against influenza A virus or against respiratory syncitial virus (RSV). We therefore re-examined the immune response to a human isolate of S. mansoni and challenged mice in the chronic phase of schistosomiasis with influenza A virus, or with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM), a mouse virus to model RSV infections. We found that mice with chronic schistosomiasis had significant, systemic immune responses induced by Th1, Th2, and Th17 helper cells. High serum levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-13, IL-2, IL-17, and GM-CSF were found after mating and oviposition. The lungs of diseased mice showed low-grade inflammation, with goblet cell hyperplasia and excessive mucus secretion, which was alleviated by treatment with an anti-TNF-α agent (Etanercept). Mice with chronic schistosomiasis were to a relative, but significant extent protected from a secondary viral respiratory challenge. The protection correlated with the onset of oviposition and TNF-α-mediated goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus secretion, suggesting that these mechanisms are involved in enhanced immune protection to respiratory viruses during chronic murine schistosomiasis. Indeed, also in a model of allergic airway inflammation mice were protected from a viral respiratory challenge with PVM. Public Library of Science 2014-11-14 /pmc/articles/PMC4232382/ /pubmed/25398130 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112469 Text en © 2014 Scheer et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Scheer, Sebastian Krempl, Christine Kallfass, Carsten Frey, Stefanie Jakob, Thilo Mouahid, Gabriel Moné, Hélène Schmitt-Gräff, Annette Staeheli, Peter Lamers, Marinus C. S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title |
S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title_full |
S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title_fullStr |
S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title_full_unstemmed |
S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title_short |
S. mansoni Bolsters Anti-Viral Immunity in the Murine Respiratory Tract |
title_sort | s. mansoni bolsters anti-viral immunity in the murine respiratory tract |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232382/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25398130 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0112469 |
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