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How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data

1. Weeds can cause great economic and ecological harm to ecosystems. Despite their importance, comparisons of the taxonomy and traits of successful weeds often focus on a few specific comparisons – for example, introduced versus native weeds. 2. We used publicly available inventories of US plant spe...

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Autores principales: Kuester, Adam, Conner, Jeffrey K, Culley, Theresa, Baucom, Regina S
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235316/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24494694
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12698
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author Kuester, Adam
Conner, Jeffrey K
Culley, Theresa
Baucom, Regina S
author_facet Kuester, Adam
Conner, Jeffrey K
Culley, Theresa
Baucom, Regina S
author_sort Kuester, Adam
collection PubMed
description 1. Weeds can cause great economic and ecological harm to ecosystems. Despite their importance, comparisons of the taxonomy and traits of successful weeds often focus on a few specific comparisons – for example, introduced versus native weeds. 2. We used publicly available inventories of US plant species to make comprehensive comparisons of the factors that underlie weediness. We quantitatively examined taxonomy to determine if certain genera are overrepresented by introduced, weedy or herbicide-resistant species, and we compared phenotypic traits of weeds to those of nonweeds, whether introduced or native. 3. We uncovered genera that have more weeds and introduced species than expected by chance and plant families that have more herbicide-resistant species than expected by chance. Certain traits, generally related to fast reproduction, were more likely to be associated with weedy plants regardless of species’ origins. We also found stress tolerance traits associated with either native or introduced weeds compared with native or introduced nonweeds. Weeds and introduced species have significantly smaller genomes than nonweeds and native species. 4. These results support trends for weedy plants reported from other floras, suggest that native and introduced weeds have different stress adaptations, and provide a comprehensive survey of trends across weeds within the USA.
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spelling pubmed-42353162014-12-19 How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data Kuester, Adam Conner, Jeffrey K Culley, Theresa Baucom, Regina S New Phytol Research 1. Weeds can cause great economic and ecological harm to ecosystems. Despite their importance, comparisons of the taxonomy and traits of successful weeds often focus on a few specific comparisons – for example, introduced versus native weeds. 2. We used publicly available inventories of US plant species to make comprehensive comparisons of the factors that underlie weediness. We quantitatively examined taxonomy to determine if certain genera are overrepresented by introduced, weedy or herbicide-resistant species, and we compared phenotypic traits of weeds to those of nonweeds, whether introduced or native. 3. We uncovered genera that have more weeds and introduced species than expected by chance and plant families that have more herbicide-resistant species than expected by chance. Certain traits, generally related to fast reproduction, were more likely to be associated with weedy plants regardless of species’ origins. We also found stress tolerance traits associated with either native or introduced weeds compared with native or introduced nonweeds. Weeds and introduced species have significantly smaller genomes than nonweeds and native species. 4. These results support trends for weedy plants reported from other floras, suggest that native and introduced weeds have different stress adaptations, and provide a comprehensive survey of trends across weeds within the USA. BlackWell Publishing Ltd 2014-05 2014-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4235316/ /pubmed/24494694 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12698 Text en © 2014 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2014 New Phytologist Trust. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Kuester, Adam
Conner, Jeffrey K
Culley, Theresa
Baucom, Regina S
How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title_full How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title_fullStr How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title_full_unstemmed How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title_short How weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using United States data
title_sort how weeds emerge: a taxonomic and trait-based examination using united states data
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235316/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24494694
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.12698
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