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Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human
Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a retrotransposable element that has shaped the evolution of mammalian genomes. There is increasing evidence that transcriptionally active L1 could have been co-opted through evolution to play various roles including X-inactivation, homologous recombinat...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4237456/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409429 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113434 |
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author | Ngamphiw, Chumpol Tongsima, Sissades Mutirangura, Apiwat |
author_facet | Ngamphiw, Chumpol Tongsima, Sissades Mutirangura, Apiwat |
author_sort | Ngamphiw, Chumpol |
collection | PubMed |
description | Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a retrotransposable element that has shaped the evolution of mammalian genomes. There is increasing evidence that transcriptionally active L1 could have been co-opted through evolution to play various roles including X-inactivation, homologous recombination and gene regulation. Here, we compare putatively active L1 distributions in the mouse with human. L1 density is higher in the mouse except for the Y-chromosome. L1 density is the highest in X-chromosome, implying an X-inactivation role. L1 is more common outside genes (intergenic) except for the Y-chromosome in both species. The structure of mouse L1 is distinguished from human L1 by the presence of a 200 bp repeat in the 5′ UTR of the former. We found that mouse intragenic L1 has significantly higher repeat copy numbers than intergenic L1, suggesting that this is important for control of L1 expression. Furthermore, a significant association between the presence of intragenic L1s and down-regulated genes in early embryogenesis was found in both species. In conclusion, the distribution of L1 in the mouse genome points to biological roles of L1 in mouse similar to human. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4237456 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42374562014-11-21 Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human Ngamphiw, Chumpol Tongsima, Sissades Mutirangura, Apiwat PLoS One Research Article Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) is a retrotransposable element that has shaped the evolution of mammalian genomes. There is increasing evidence that transcriptionally active L1 could have been co-opted through evolution to play various roles including X-inactivation, homologous recombination and gene regulation. Here, we compare putatively active L1 distributions in the mouse with human. L1 density is higher in the mouse except for the Y-chromosome. L1 density is the highest in X-chromosome, implying an X-inactivation role. L1 is more common outside genes (intergenic) except for the Y-chromosome in both species. The structure of mouse L1 is distinguished from human L1 by the presence of a 200 bp repeat in the 5′ UTR of the former. We found that mouse intragenic L1 has significantly higher repeat copy numbers than intergenic L1, suggesting that this is important for control of L1 expression. Furthermore, a significant association between the presence of intragenic L1s and down-regulated genes in early embryogenesis was found in both species. In conclusion, the distribution of L1 in the mouse genome points to biological roles of L1 in mouse similar to human. Public Library of Science 2014-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC4237456/ /pubmed/25409429 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113434 Text en © 2014 Ngamphiw et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Ngamphiw, Chumpol Tongsima, Sissades Mutirangura, Apiwat Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title | Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title_full | Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title_fullStr | Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title_full_unstemmed | Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title_short | Roles of Intragenic and Intergenic L1s in Mouse and Human |
title_sort | roles of intragenic and intergenic l1s in mouse and human |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4237456/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25409429 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113434 |
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