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Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature review
Cryptococcosis is reported in adults and is often acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated; however, its frequency in children is low. Based on the National Survey on Cryptococcosis conducted in Colombia, an epidemiological and clinical analysis was performed on cases of the disease obs...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4238773/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25317708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130537 |
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author | Lizarazo, Jairo Escandón, Patricia Agudelo, Clara Inés Castañeda, Elizabeth |
author_facet | Lizarazo, Jairo Escandón, Patricia Agudelo, Clara Inés Castañeda, Elizabeth |
author_sort | Lizarazo, Jairo |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cryptococcosis is reported in adults and is often acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated; however, its frequency in children is low. Based on the National Survey on Cryptococcosis conducted in Colombia, an epidemiological and clinical analysis was performed on cases of the disease observed in children less than 16 years old between 1993-2010. We found 41 affected children (2.6% prevalence) from the 1,578 surveys received. The country mean annual incidence rate was 0.017 cases/100,000 children under 16 years, while in Norte de Santander the incidence rate was 0.122 cases/100,000 (p < 0.0001). The average age of infected children was 8.4 and 58.5% were male. In 46.3% of cases, a risk factor was not identified, while 24.4% had AIDS. The most frequent clinical manifestations were headache (78.1%), fever (68.8%), nausea and vomiting (65.6%), confusion (50%) and meningeal signs (37.5%). Meningitis was the most frequent clinical presentation (87.8%). Amphotericin B was given to 93.5% of patients as an initial treatment. Positive microbiological identification was accomplished by India ink (94.7%), latex in cerebrospinal fluid (100%) and culture (89.5%). Out of 34 isolates studied, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (VNI 85.3%, VNII 8.8%) was isolated in 94.1% of cases and Cryptococcus gattii (VGII) was isolated in 5.9% of cases. These data are complemented by a literature review, which overall suggests that cryptococcosis in children is an unusual event worldwide. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4238773 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42387732014-11-26 Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature review Lizarazo, Jairo Escandón, Patricia Agudelo, Clara Inés Castañeda, Elizabeth Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Articles Cryptococcosis is reported in adults and is often acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-associated; however, its frequency in children is low. Based on the National Survey on Cryptococcosis conducted in Colombia, an epidemiological and clinical analysis was performed on cases of the disease observed in children less than 16 years old between 1993-2010. We found 41 affected children (2.6% prevalence) from the 1,578 surveys received. The country mean annual incidence rate was 0.017 cases/100,000 children under 16 years, while in Norte de Santander the incidence rate was 0.122 cases/100,000 (p < 0.0001). The average age of infected children was 8.4 and 58.5% were male. In 46.3% of cases, a risk factor was not identified, while 24.4% had AIDS. The most frequent clinical manifestations were headache (78.1%), fever (68.8%), nausea and vomiting (65.6%), confusion (50%) and meningeal signs (37.5%). Meningitis was the most frequent clinical presentation (87.8%). Amphotericin B was given to 93.5% of patients as an initial treatment. Positive microbiological identification was accomplished by India ink (94.7%), latex in cerebrospinal fluid (100%) and culture (89.5%). Out of 34 isolates studied, Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii (VNI 85.3%, VNII 8.8%) was isolated in 94.1% of cases and Cryptococcus gattii (VGII) was isolated in 5.9% of cases. These data are complemented by a literature review, which overall suggests that cryptococcosis in children is an unusual event worldwide. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2014-09 /pmc/articles/PMC4238773/ /pubmed/25317708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130537 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Articles Lizarazo, Jairo Escandón, Patricia Agudelo, Clara Inés Castañeda, Elizabeth Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature review |
title | Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature
review |
title_full | Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature
review |
title_fullStr | Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature
review |
title_full_unstemmed | Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature
review |
title_short | Cryptococcosis in Colombian children and literature
review |
title_sort | cryptococcosis in colombian children and literature
review |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4238773/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25317708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130537 |
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