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Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide

Ambient nitrogen dioxide is a widely available measure of traffic-related air pollution and is inconsistently associated with the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children. The use of this relationship to evaluate the health impact of policies affecting traffic management and traffic emissions is li...

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Autores principales: Favarato, Graziella, Anderson, H. Ross, Atkinson, Richard, Fuller, Gary, Mills, Inga, Walton, Heather
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer Netherlands 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4239711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25431630
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0265-8
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author Favarato, Graziella
Anderson, H. Ross
Atkinson, Richard
Fuller, Gary
Mills, Inga
Walton, Heather
author_facet Favarato, Graziella
Anderson, H. Ross
Atkinson, Richard
Fuller, Gary
Mills, Inga
Walton, Heather
author_sort Favarato, Graziella
collection PubMed
description Ambient nitrogen dioxide is a widely available measure of traffic-related air pollution and is inconsistently associated with the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children. The use of this relationship to evaluate the health impact of policies affecting traffic management and traffic emissions is limited by the lack of a concentration-response function based on systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. Using systematic methods, we identified papers containing quantitative estimates for nitrogen dioxide and the 12 month period prevalence of asthma symptoms in children in which the exposure contrast was within-community and dominated by traffic pollution. One estimate was selected from each study according to an a priori algorithm. Odds ratios were standardised to 10 μg/m(3) and summary estimates were obtained using random- and fixed-effects estimates. Eighteen studies were identified. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide were estimated for the home address (12) and/or school (8) using a range of methods; land use regression (6), study monitors (6), dispersion modelling (4) and interpolation (2). Fourteen studies showed positive associations but only two associations were statistically significant at the 5 % level. There was moderate heterogeneity (I(2) = 32.8 %) and the random-effects estimate for the odds ratio was 1.06 (95 % CI 1.00 to 1.11). There was no evidence of small study bias. Individual studies tended to have only weak positive associations between nitrogen dioxide and asthma prevalence but the summary estimate bordered on statistical significance at the 5 % level. Although small, the potential impact on asthma prevalence could be considerable because of the high level of baseline prevalence in many cities. Whether the association is causal or indicates the effects of a correlated pollutant or other confounders, the estimate obtained by the meta-analysis would be appropriate for estimating impacts of traffic pollution on asthma prevalence. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11869-014-0265-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-42397112014-11-25 Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide Favarato, Graziella Anderson, H. Ross Atkinson, Richard Fuller, Gary Mills, Inga Walton, Heather Air Qual Atmos Health Article Ambient nitrogen dioxide is a widely available measure of traffic-related air pollution and is inconsistently associated with the prevalence of asthma symptoms in children. The use of this relationship to evaluate the health impact of policies affecting traffic management and traffic emissions is limited by the lack of a concentration-response function based on systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant studies. Using systematic methods, we identified papers containing quantitative estimates for nitrogen dioxide and the 12 month period prevalence of asthma symptoms in children in which the exposure contrast was within-community and dominated by traffic pollution. One estimate was selected from each study according to an a priori algorithm. Odds ratios were standardised to 10 μg/m(3) and summary estimates were obtained using random- and fixed-effects estimates. Eighteen studies were identified. Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide were estimated for the home address (12) and/or school (8) using a range of methods; land use regression (6), study monitors (6), dispersion modelling (4) and interpolation (2). Fourteen studies showed positive associations but only two associations were statistically significant at the 5 % level. There was moderate heterogeneity (I(2) = 32.8 %) and the random-effects estimate for the odds ratio was 1.06 (95 % CI 1.00 to 1.11). There was no evidence of small study bias. Individual studies tended to have only weak positive associations between nitrogen dioxide and asthma prevalence but the summary estimate bordered on statistical significance at the 5 % level. Although small, the potential impact on asthma prevalence could be considerable because of the high level of baseline prevalence in many cities. Whether the association is causal or indicates the effects of a correlated pollutant or other confounders, the estimate obtained by the meta-analysis would be appropriate for estimating impacts of traffic pollution on asthma prevalence. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11869-014-0265-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Springer Netherlands 2014-05-10 2014 /pmc/articles/PMC4239711/ /pubmed/25431630 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0265-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2014 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.
spellingShingle Article
Favarato, Graziella
Anderson, H. Ross
Atkinson, Richard
Fuller, Gary
Mills, Inga
Walton, Heather
Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title_full Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title_fullStr Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title_full_unstemmed Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title_short Traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. Quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
title_sort traffic-related pollution and asthma prevalence in children. quantification of associations with nitrogen dioxide
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4239711/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25431630
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11869-014-0265-8
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