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Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether dyspareunia is associated with HIV status in menopausal women and also to assess which factors are associated with dyspareunia in a group of HIV-positive menopausal women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 178 HIV-negative and 128 HIV-positive women...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4244421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25421335 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004974 |
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author | Valadares, Ana L R Pinto-Neto, Aarão M Gomes, Debora de C D'Avanzo, Walquíria C Moura, Alexandre S Costa-Paiva, Lúcia de Sousa, Maria Helena |
author_facet | Valadares, Ana L R Pinto-Neto, Aarão M Gomes, Debora de C D'Avanzo, Walquíria C Moura, Alexandre S Costa-Paiva, Lúcia de Sousa, Maria Helena |
author_sort | Valadares, Ana L R |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether dyspareunia is associated with HIV status in menopausal women and also to assess which factors are associated with dyspareunia in a group of HIV-positive menopausal women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 178 HIV-negative and 128 HIV-positive women aged 40–60 years. The Short Personal Experiences Questionnaire (SPEQ) was used to collect data. Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural and reproductive factors were evaluated, as well as factors related to the HIV infection. Dyspareunia was defined as pain during intercourse. A bivariate analysis and Poisson multiple regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Overall, 41.4% of the HIV-positive women reported dyspareunia compared with 34.8% of the HIV-negative women (p=0.242). In the HIV-positive women, bivariate analysis revealed an association between dyspareunia and having a steady partner (p=0.047); the woman’s partner having undergone HIV testing (p=0.020); vaginal dryness (p<0.001); muscle/joint pain (p=0.021); physical/emotional violence (p=0.049); urinary incontinence (p=0.004); and the use of lamivudine/zidovudine (p=0.048). The Poisson multiple regression analysis found an association between dyspareunia and vaginal dryness (prevalence ratio (PR)=1.96, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.50, p=0.023) and urinary incontinence (PR=1.86, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.27, p=0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Dyspareunia was common in this group of HIV-positive women and was associated principally with vaginal dryness and urinary incontinence. The importance of treating dyspareunia within the context of sexual health in this group of women should be emphasised and appropriate management of this issue may reduce the likelihood of lesions on the vaginal wall, which may act as a portal of entry for other infections. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4244421 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42444212014-11-28 Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study Valadares, Ana L R Pinto-Neto, Aarão M Gomes, Debora de C D'Avanzo, Walquíria C Moura, Alexandre S Costa-Paiva, Lúcia de Sousa, Maria Helena BMJ Open HIV/AIDS OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether dyspareunia is associated with HIV status in menopausal women and also to assess which factors are associated with dyspareunia in a group of HIV-positive menopausal women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 178 HIV-negative and 128 HIV-positive women aged 40–60 years. The Short Personal Experiences Questionnaire (SPEQ) was used to collect data. Sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural and reproductive factors were evaluated, as well as factors related to the HIV infection. Dyspareunia was defined as pain during intercourse. A bivariate analysis and Poisson multiple regression analysis were performed. RESULTS: Overall, 41.4% of the HIV-positive women reported dyspareunia compared with 34.8% of the HIV-negative women (p=0.242). In the HIV-positive women, bivariate analysis revealed an association between dyspareunia and having a steady partner (p=0.047); the woman’s partner having undergone HIV testing (p=0.020); vaginal dryness (p<0.001); muscle/joint pain (p=0.021); physical/emotional violence (p=0.049); urinary incontinence (p=0.004); and the use of lamivudine/zidovudine (p=0.048). The Poisson multiple regression analysis found an association between dyspareunia and vaginal dryness (prevalence ratio (PR)=1.96, 95% CI 1.10 to 3.50, p=0.023) and urinary incontinence (PR=1.86, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.27, p=0.031). CONCLUSIONS: Dyspareunia was common in this group of HIV-positive women and was associated principally with vaginal dryness and urinary incontinence. The importance of treating dyspareunia within the context of sexual health in this group of women should be emphasised and appropriate management of this issue may reduce the likelihood of lesions on the vaginal wall, which may act as a portal of entry for other infections. BMJ Publishing Group 2014-11-24 /pmc/articles/PMC4244421/ /pubmed/25421335 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004974 Text en Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
spellingShingle | HIV/AIDS Valadares, Ana L R Pinto-Neto, Aarão M Gomes, Debora de C D'Avanzo, Walquíria C Moura, Alexandre S Costa-Paiva, Lúcia de Sousa, Maria Helena Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title | Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title_full | Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title_fullStr | Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title_full_unstemmed | Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title_short | Dyspareunia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
title_sort | dyspareunia in hiv-positive and hiv-negative middle-aged women: a cross-sectional study |
topic | HIV/AIDS |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4244421/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25421335 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-004974 |
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