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Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents

Neonicotinoids represent the most used class of insecticides worldwide, and their precursor, imidacloprid, is the most widely marketed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of imidacloprid on the activity of hepatic δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), protective effect of potential...

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Autores principales: Sauer, Elisa, Moro, Angela M., Brucker, Natália, Nascimento, Sabrina, Gauer, Bruna, Fracasso, Rafael, Gioda, Adriana, Beck, Ruy, Moreira, José C. F., Eifler-Lima, Vera Lucia, Garcia, Solange Cristina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4245637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25402564
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111111676
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author Sauer, Elisa
Moro, Angela M.
Brucker, Natália
Nascimento, Sabrina
Gauer, Bruna
Fracasso, Rafael
Gioda, Adriana
Beck, Ruy
Moreira, José C. F.
Eifler-Lima, Vera Lucia
Garcia, Solange Cristina
author_facet Sauer, Elisa
Moro, Angela M.
Brucker, Natália
Nascimento, Sabrina
Gauer, Bruna
Fracasso, Rafael
Gioda, Adriana
Beck, Ruy
Moreira, José C. F.
Eifler-Lima, Vera Lucia
Garcia, Solange Cristina
author_sort Sauer, Elisa
collection PubMed
description Neonicotinoids represent the most used class of insecticides worldwide, and their precursor, imidacloprid, is the most widely marketed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of imidacloprid on the activity of hepatic δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), protective effect of potential antioxidants against this potential effect and presence of chemical elements in the constitution of this pesticide. We observed that δ-ALA-D activity was significantly inhibited by imidacloprid at all concentrations tested in a dose-dependent manner. The IC(50) value was obtained and used to evaluate the restoration of the enzymatic activity. δ-ALA-D inhibition was completely restored by addition of dithiotreitol (DTT) and partly by ZnCl(2,) demonstrating that the inhibition occurs by oxidation of thiol groups and by displacement of the Zn (II), which can be explained by the presence of chemical elements found in the constitution of pesticides. Reduced glutathione (GSH) had the best antioxidant effect against to δ-ALA-D inhibition caused by imidacloprid, followed by curcumin and resveratrol. It is well known that inhibition of the enzyme δ-ALA-D may result in accumulation of its neurotoxic substrate (δ-ALA), in this line, our results suggest that further studies are needed to investigate the possible neurotoxicity induced by neonicotinoids and the involvement of antioxidants in cases of poisoning by neonicotinoids.
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spelling pubmed-42456372014-12-02 Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents Sauer, Elisa Moro, Angela M. Brucker, Natália Nascimento, Sabrina Gauer, Bruna Fracasso, Rafael Gioda, Adriana Beck, Ruy Moreira, José C. F. Eifler-Lima, Vera Lucia Garcia, Solange Cristina Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Neonicotinoids represent the most used class of insecticides worldwide, and their precursor, imidacloprid, is the most widely marketed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of imidacloprid on the activity of hepatic δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase (δ-ALA-D), protective effect of potential antioxidants against this potential effect and presence of chemical elements in the constitution of this pesticide. We observed that δ-ALA-D activity was significantly inhibited by imidacloprid at all concentrations tested in a dose-dependent manner. The IC(50) value was obtained and used to evaluate the restoration of the enzymatic activity. δ-ALA-D inhibition was completely restored by addition of dithiotreitol (DTT) and partly by ZnCl(2,) demonstrating that the inhibition occurs by oxidation of thiol groups and by displacement of the Zn (II), which can be explained by the presence of chemical elements found in the constitution of pesticides. Reduced glutathione (GSH) had the best antioxidant effect against to δ-ALA-D inhibition caused by imidacloprid, followed by curcumin and resveratrol. It is well known that inhibition of the enzyme δ-ALA-D may result in accumulation of its neurotoxic substrate (δ-ALA), in this line, our results suggest that further studies are needed to investigate the possible neurotoxicity induced by neonicotinoids and the involvement of antioxidants in cases of poisoning by neonicotinoids. MDPI 2014-11-13 2014-11 /pmc/articles/PMC4245637/ /pubmed/25402564 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111111676 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Sauer, Elisa
Moro, Angela M.
Brucker, Natália
Nascimento, Sabrina
Gauer, Bruna
Fracasso, Rafael
Gioda, Adriana
Beck, Ruy
Moreira, José C. F.
Eifler-Lima, Vera Lucia
Garcia, Solange Cristina
Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title_full Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title_fullStr Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title_full_unstemmed Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title_short Liver δ-Aminolevulinate Dehydratase Activity is Inhibited by Neonicotinoids and Restored by Antioxidant Agents
title_sort liver δ-aminolevulinate dehydratase activity is inhibited by neonicotinoids and restored by antioxidant agents
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4245637/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25402564
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph111111676
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