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Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades
Co-circulation of two influenza B virus lineages, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, has been recognized since the late 1980s. The assessment of the prevalent lineage and the group of viruses in circulation is of importance in order to decide on the vaccine composition and evaluate its efficacy. The molecul...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246232/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25412364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6114437 |
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author | Arvia, Rosaria Corcioli, Fabiana Pierucci, Federica Azzi, Alberta |
author_facet | Arvia, Rosaria Corcioli, Fabiana Pierucci, Federica Azzi, Alberta |
author_sort | Arvia, Rosaria |
collection | PubMed |
description | Co-circulation of two influenza B virus lineages, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, has been recognized since the late 1980s. The assessment of the prevalent lineage and the group of viruses in circulation is of importance in order to decide on the vaccine composition and evaluate its efficacy. The molecular characterization of influenza B viruses in circulation has been the aim of this study; this was approached by identifying and locating nucleotide substitutions in the influenza B virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), specific for the lineage and/or clade. By the alignment of 3456 sequences from the influenza GISAID EpiFlu database, a high number of lineage- and group-specific nucleotide positions have been observed in the HA gene, but not in the NA gene. Additionally, an RT-PCR method has been developed, applicable directly to clinical specimens, which amplifies a short HA region that includes a group of unique molecular signatures. Twenty eight influenza B virus-positive respiratory specimens, collected in Tuscany in the seasons 2012–2013 and 2013–2014, were analyzed. The results revealed two clearly distinguishable patterns: one, more frequent, was characterized by all of the nucleotide changes associated with the B/Yamagata lineage (in most cases of Group 2), whereas the other exhibited all of the changes associated with the B/Victoria lineage. It can be concluded that the analysis of this short HA sequence can permit a rapid, highly sensitive determination of influenza B virus lineages and clades. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4246232 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42462322014-12-01 Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades Arvia, Rosaria Corcioli, Fabiana Pierucci, Federica Azzi, Alberta Viruses Short Communication Co-circulation of two influenza B virus lineages, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, has been recognized since the late 1980s. The assessment of the prevalent lineage and the group of viruses in circulation is of importance in order to decide on the vaccine composition and evaluate its efficacy. The molecular characterization of influenza B viruses in circulation has been the aim of this study; this was approached by identifying and locating nucleotide substitutions in the influenza B virus hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), specific for the lineage and/or clade. By the alignment of 3456 sequences from the influenza GISAID EpiFlu database, a high number of lineage- and group-specific nucleotide positions have been observed in the HA gene, but not in the NA gene. Additionally, an RT-PCR method has been developed, applicable directly to clinical specimens, which amplifies a short HA region that includes a group of unique molecular signatures. Twenty eight influenza B virus-positive respiratory specimens, collected in Tuscany in the seasons 2012–2013 and 2013–2014, were analyzed. The results revealed two clearly distinguishable patterns: one, more frequent, was characterized by all of the nucleotide changes associated with the B/Yamagata lineage (in most cases of Group 2), whereas the other exhibited all of the changes associated with the B/Victoria lineage. It can be concluded that the analysis of this short HA sequence can permit a rapid, highly sensitive determination of influenza B virus lineages and clades. MDPI 2014-11-18 /pmc/articles/PMC4246232/ /pubmed/25412364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6114437 Text en © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Short Communication Arvia, Rosaria Corcioli, Fabiana Pierucci, Federica Azzi, Alberta Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title | Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title_full | Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title_fullStr | Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title_short | Molecular Markers of Influenza B Lineages and Clades |
title_sort | molecular markers of influenza b lineages and clades |
topic | Short Communication |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246232/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25412364 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v6114437 |
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