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Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India

BACKGROUND: The factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been extensively studied in Western countries. Some studies have assessed its factor structure in Asia (China, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia), but few have directly assessed the factor structure of PTSD in an Indian adult sample....

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Autores principales: Charak, Ruby, Armour, Cherie, Elklit, Ask, Angmo, Disket, Elhai, Jon D., Koot, Hans M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Co-Action Publishing 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4247496/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25547
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author Charak, Ruby
Armour, Cherie
Elklit, Ask
Angmo, Disket
Elhai, Jon D.
Koot, Hans M.
author_facet Charak, Ruby
Armour, Cherie
Elklit, Ask
Angmo, Disket
Elhai, Jon D.
Koot, Hans M.
author_sort Charak, Ruby
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been extensively studied in Western countries. Some studies have assessed its factor structure in Asia (China, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia), but few have directly assessed the factor structure of PTSD in an Indian adult sample. Furthermore, in a largely patriarchal society in India with strong gender roles, it becomes imperative to assess the association between the factors of PTSD and gender. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to assess the factor structure of PTSD in an Indian sample of trauma survivors based on prevailing models of PTSD defined in the DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000), and to assess the relation between PTSD factors and gender. METHOD: The sample comprised of 313 participants (55.9% female) from Jammu and Kashmir, India, who had experienced a natural disaster (N=200) or displacement due to cross-border firing (N=113). RESULTS: Three existing PTSD models—two four-factor models (Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria), and a five-factor model (Dysphoric Arousal)—were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis with addition of gender as a covariate. The three competing models had similar fit indices although the Dysphoric Arousal model fit significantly better than Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria models. Gender differences were found across the factors of Re-experiencing and Anxious arousal. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that the Dysphoric Arousal model of PTSD was the best model; albeit the fit indices of all models were fairly similar. Compared to males, females scored higher on factors of Re-experiencing and Anxious arousal. Gender differences found across two factors of PTSD are discussed in light of the social milieu in India.
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spelling pubmed-42474962014-12-15 Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India Charak, Ruby Armour, Cherie Elklit, Ask Angmo, Disket Elhai, Jon D. Koot, Hans M. Eur J Psychotraumatol Basic Research Article BACKGROUND: The factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been extensively studied in Western countries. Some studies have assessed its factor structure in Asia (China, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia), but few have directly assessed the factor structure of PTSD in an Indian adult sample. Furthermore, in a largely patriarchal society in India with strong gender roles, it becomes imperative to assess the association between the factors of PTSD and gender. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to assess the factor structure of PTSD in an Indian sample of trauma survivors based on prevailing models of PTSD defined in the DSM-IV-TR (APA, 2000), and to assess the relation between PTSD factors and gender. METHOD: The sample comprised of 313 participants (55.9% female) from Jammu and Kashmir, India, who had experienced a natural disaster (N=200) or displacement due to cross-border firing (N=113). RESULTS: Three existing PTSD models—two four-factor models (Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria), and a five-factor model (Dysphoric Arousal)—were tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis with addition of gender as a covariate. The three competing models had similar fit indices although the Dysphoric Arousal model fit significantly better than Emotional Numbing and Dysphoria models. Gender differences were found across the factors of Re-experiencing and Anxious arousal. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indicate that the Dysphoric Arousal model of PTSD was the best model; albeit the fit indices of all models were fairly similar. Compared to males, females scored higher on factors of Re-experiencing and Anxious arousal. Gender differences found across two factors of PTSD are discussed in light of the social milieu in India. Co-Action Publishing 2014-11-17 /pmc/articles/PMC4247496/ /pubmed/25413575 http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25547 Text en © 2014 Ruby Charak et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Basic Research Article
Charak, Ruby
Armour, Cherie
Elklit, Ask
Angmo, Disket
Elhai, Jon D.
Koot, Hans M.
Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title_full Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title_fullStr Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title_full_unstemmed Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title_short Factor structure of PTSD, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from India
title_sort factor structure of ptsd, and relation with gender in trauma survivors from india
topic Basic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4247496/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25413575
http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25547
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