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Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy
BACKGROUND: Mozambique implemented artemisinin-based combinations therapy (ACT) using artemether-lumefantrine (AL) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in 2009. AL remains highly efficacious, but widespread use may soon facilitate emergence of artemisinin tolerance/resistance. The p...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4248432/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25098280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-300 |
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author | Lobo, Elsa de Sousa, Bruno Rosa, Soraia Figueiredo, Paula Lobo, Lis Pateira, Sara Fernandes, Natercia Nogueira, Fatima |
author_facet | Lobo, Elsa de Sousa, Bruno Rosa, Soraia Figueiredo, Paula Lobo, Lis Pateira, Sara Fernandes, Natercia Nogueira, Fatima |
author_sort | Lobo, Elsa |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Mozambique implemented artemisinin-based combinations therapy (ACT) using artemether-lumefantrine (AL) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in 2009. AL remains highly efficacious, but widespread use may soon facilitate emergence of artemisinin tolerance/resistance. The prevalence of pfmdr1 different alleles in Maputo and Mozambique is not known, either after or before the introduction of ACT. Pfmdr1 molecular markers related to Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility were analysed before and after transition to ACT. METHODS: A first group of samples was collected between June 2003 and June 2005 and a second group in the period between March 2010 and March 2012. Three alleles were analysed by PCR-RFLP: N86Y, Y184F and D1246Y, in the pfmdr1 gene. RESULTS: Alleles N86, 184F and D1246 increased from 19.5, 19.6 and 74.4% in 2003–2005 to 73.2, 22.7 and 96.7% in 2010–2012, respectively. After implementation of ACT (2010–2012), pfmdr1 haplotypes, either two- and three-codon basis, were generally less diverse than before the implementation of ACT (2003–2005). The prevalence of haplotypes N86-184Y, N86-D1246 and 184Y-D1246 increased from 12,2, 27.3 and 71.7% in 2003–2005 to 59.4, 84.3 and 78.6% in 2010–2012. The three-codon basis haplotypes NFD and NYD also increased significantly during the same period. CONCLUSION: The alleles N86 and 184 F and the triple haplotype N86-184 F-D1246 showed a significantly increased prevalence after introduction of ACT. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4248432 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42484322014-12-02 Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy Lobo, Elsa de Sousa, Bruno Rosa, Soraia Figueiredo, Paula Lobo, Lis Pateira, Sara Fernandes, Natercia Nogueira, Fatima Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Mozambique implemented artemisinin-based combinations therapy (ACT) using artemether-lumefantrine (AL) as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in 2009. AL remains highly efficacious, but widespread use may soon facilitate emergence of artemisinin tolerance/resistance. The prevalence of pfmdr1 different alleles in Maputo and Mozambique is not known, either after or before the introduction of ACT. Pfmdr1 molecular markers related to Plasmodium falciparum susceptibility were analysed before and after transition to ACT. METHODS: A first group of samples was collected between June 2003 and June 2005 and a second group in the period between March 2010 and March 2012. Three alleles were analysed by PCR-RFLP: N86Y, Y184F and D1246Y, in the pfmdr1 gene. RESULTS: Alleles N86, 184F and D1246 increased from 19.5, 19.6 and 74.4% in 2003–2005 to 73.2, 22.7 and 96.7% in 2010–2012, respectively. After implementation of ACT (2010–2012), pfmdr1 haplotypes, either two- and three-codon basis, were generally less diverse than before the implementation of ACT (2003–2005). The prevalence of haplotypes N86-184Y, N86-D1246 and 184Y-D1246 increased from 12,2, 27.3 and 71.7% in 2003–2005 to 59.4, 84.3 and 78.6% in 2010–2012. The three-codon basis haplotypes NFD and NYD also increased significantly during the same period. CONCLUSION: The alleles N86 and 184 F and the triple haplotype N86-184 F-D1246 showed a significantly increased prevalence after introduction of ACT. BioMed Central 2014-08-06 /pmc/articles/PMC4248432/ /pubmed/25098280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-300 Text en © Lobo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Lobo, Elsa de Sousa, Bruno Rosa, Soraia Figueiredo, Paula Lobo, Lis Pateira, Sara Fernandes, Natercia Nogueira, Fatima Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title | Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title_full | Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title_short | Prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in Maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
title_sort | prevalence of pfmdr1 alleles associated with artemether-lumefantrine tolerance/resistance in maputo before and after the implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4248432/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25098280 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-300 |
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