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Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland

BACKGROUND: The peopling of Europe and the nature of the Neolithic agricultural migration as a primary issue in the modern human colonization of the globe is still widely debated. At present, much uncertainty is associated with the reconstruction of the routes of migration for the first farmers from...

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Autores principales: Hovhannisyan, Anahit, Khachatryan, Zaruhi, Haber, Marc, Hrechdakian, Peter, Karafet, Tatiana, Zalloua, Pierre, Yepiskoposyan, Levon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4249771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25452838
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13323-014-0015-6
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author Hovhannisyan, Anahit
Khachatryan, Zaruhi
Haber, Marc
Hrechdakian, Peter
Karafet, Tatiana
Zalloua, Pierre
Yepiskoposyan, Levon
author_facet Hovhannisyan, Anahit
Khachatryan, Zaruhi
Haber, Marc
Hrechdakian, Peter
Karafet, Tatiana
Zalloua, Pierre
Yepiskoposyan, Levon
author_sort Hovhannisyan, Anahit
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The peopling of Europe and the nature of the Neolithic agricultural migration as a primary issue in the modern human colonization of the globe is still widely debated. At present, much uncertainty is associated with the reconstruction of the routes of migration for the first farmers from the Near East. In this context, hospitable climatic conditions and the key geographic position of the Armenian Highland suggest that it may have served as a conduit for several waves of expansion of the first agriculturalists from the Near East to Europe and the North Caucasus. RESULTS: Here, we assess Y-chromosomal distribution in six geographically distinct populations of Armenians that roughly represent the extent of historical Armenia. Using the general haplogroup structure and the specific lineages representing putative genetic markers of the Neolithic Revolution, haplogroups R1b1a2, J2, and G, we identify distinct patterns of genetic affinity between the populations of the Armenian Highland and the neighboring ones north and west from this area. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results obtained, we suggest a new insight on the different routes and waves of Neolithic expansion of the first farmers through the Armenian Highland. We detected at least two principle migratory directions: (1) westward alongside the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea and (2) northward to the North Caucasus. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13323-014-0015-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-42497712014-12-02 Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland Hovhannisyan, Anahit Khachatryan, Zaruhi Haber, Marc Hrechdakian, Peter Karafet, Tatiana Zalloua, Pierre Yepiskoposyan, Levon Investig Genet Research BACKGROUND: The peopling of Europe and the nature of the Neolithic agricultural migration as a primary issue in the modern human colonization of the globe is still widely debated. At present, much uncertainty is associated with the reconstruction of the routes of migration for the first farmers from the Near East. In this context, hospitable climatic conditions and the key geographic position of the Armenian Highland suggest that it may have served as a conduit for several waves of expansion of the first agriculturalists from the Near East to Europe and the North Caucasus. RESULTS: Here, we assess Y-chromosomal distribution in six geographically distinct populations of Armenians that roughly represent the extent of historical Armenia. Using the general haplogroup structure and the specific lineages representing putative genetic markers of the Neolithic Revolution, haplogroups R1b1a2, J2, and G, we identify distinct patterns of genetic affinity between the populations of the Armenian Highland and the neighboring ones north and west from this area. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results obtained, we suggest a new insight on the different routes and waves of Neolithic expansion of the first farmers through the Armenian Highland. We detected at least two principle migratory directions: (1) westward alongside the coastline of the Mediterranean Sea and (2) northward to the North Caucasus. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13323-014-0015-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2014-11-30 /pmc/articles/PMC4249771/ /pubmed/25452838 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13323-014-0015-6 Text en © Hovhannisyan et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Hovhannisyan, Anahit
Khachatryan, Zaruhi
Haber, Marc
Hrechdakian, Peter
Karafet, Tatiana
Zalloua, Pierre
Yepiskoposyan, Levon
Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title_full Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title_fullStr Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title_full_unstemmed Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title_short Different waves and directions of Neolithic migrations in the Armenian Highland
title_sort different waves and directions of neolithic migrations in the armenian highland
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4249771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25452838
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13323-014-0015-6
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