Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Mortality and Morbidity After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been increased in Asian countries. It represents a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, insulin resistance, lipid abnormality and hypertension. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between MetS and outcome in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective study was performed on patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). All the patients were followed up in hospital and three months afterward. Patients were excluded if they were younger than 18 years or had severe comorbidities, a history of valvular heart disease, and low ejection fraction. RESULTS: A total of 235 patients (135 women) with a mean age of 59 ± 9.3 years were included. MetS was more prevalent in women (P < 0.001). The most prevalent complications were bleeding [20 (8.5%)] and dysrhythmia [18 (7.7%)]. At three months follow-up, the frequency rates of readmission [24 (10.2%)] and mediastinitis [9 (3.8%)] were higher than other complications. Diabetes and MetS were risk factors for a long ICU stay (> 5 days) and atelectasia (P < 0.05). Significant associations were observed between diabetes and pulmonary embolism (P = 0.025) and mediastinitis (P = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS: Identification of MetS before CABG can predict the surgery outcome. Patients with MetS have increased risks for longer ICU stay and atelectasia.