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Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae

Despite major attempts to prevent cholera transmission, millions of people worldwide still must address this devastating disease. Cholera research has so far mainly focused on the causative agent, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, or on disease treatment, but rarely were results from both fields interc...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kühn, Juliane, Finger, Flavio, Bertuzzo, Enrico, Borgeaud, Sandrine, Gatto, Marino, Rinaldo, Andrea, Blokesch, Melanie
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4256474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25474211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003347
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author Kühn, Juliane
Finger, Flavio
Bertuzzo, Enrico
Borgeaud, Sandrine
Gatto, Marino
Rinaldo, Andrea
Blokesch, Melanie
author_facet Kühn, Juliane
Finger, Flavio
Bertuzzo, Enrico
Borgeaud, Sandrine
Gatto, Marino
Rinaldo, Andrea
Blokesch, Melanie
author_sort Kühn, Juliane
collection PubMed
description Despite major attempts to prevent cholera transmission, millions of people worldwide still must address this devastating disease. Cholera research has so far mainly focused on the causative agent, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, or on disease treatment, but rarely were results from both fields interconnected. Indeed, the treatment of this severe diarrheal disease is mostly accomplished by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), whereby water and electrolytes are replenished. Commonly distributed oral rehydration salts also contain glucose. Here, we analyzed the effects of glucose and alternative carbon sources on the production of virulence determinants in the causative agent of cholera, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae during in vitro experimentation. We demonstrate that virulence gene expression and the production of cholera toxin are enhanced in the presence of glucose or similarly transported sugars in a ToxR-, TcpP- and ToxT-dependent manner. The virulence genes were significantly less expressed if alternative non-PTS carbon sources, including rice-based starch, were utilized. Notably, even though glucose-based ORT is commonly used, field studies indicated that rice-based ORT performs better. We therefore used a spatially explicit epidemiological model to demonstrate that the better performing rice-based ORT could have a significant impact on epidemic progression based on the recent outbreak of cholera in Haiti. Our results strongly support a change of carbon source for the treatment of cholera, especially in epidemic settings.
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spelling pubmed-42564742014-12-11 Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae Kühn, Juliane Finger, Flavio Bertuzzo, Enrico Borgeaud, Sandrine Gatto, Marino Rinaldo, Andrea Blokesch, Melanie PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article Despite major attempts to prevent cholera transmission, millions of people worldwide still must address this devastating disease. Cholera research has so far mainly focused on the causative agent, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, or on disease treatment, but rarely were results from both fields interconnected. Indeed, the treatment of this severe diarrheal disease is mostly accomplished by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), whereby water and electrolytes are replenished. Commonly distributed oral rehydration salts also contain glucose. Here, we analyzed the effects of glucose and alternative carbon sources on the production of virulence determinants in the causative agent of cholera, the bacterium Vibrio cholerae during in vitro experimentation. We demonstrate that virulence gene expression and the production of cholera toxin are enhanced in the presence of glucose or similarly transported sugars in a ToxR-, TcpP- and ToxT-dependent manner. The virulence genes were significantly less expressed if alternative non-PTS carbon sources, including rice-based starch, were utilized. Notably, even though glucose-based ORT is commonly used, field studies indicated that rice-based ORT performs better. We therefore used a spatially explicit epidemiological model to demonstrate that the better performing rice-based ORT could have a significant impact on epidemic progression based on the recent outbreak of cholera in Haiti. Our results strongly support a change of carbon source for the treatment of cholera, especially in epidemic settings. Public Library of Science 2014-12-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4256474/ /pubmed/25474211 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003347 Text en © 2014 Kühn et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kühn, Juliane
Finger, Flavio
Bertuzzo, Enrico
Borgeaud, Sandrine
Gatto, Marino
Rinaldo, Andrea
Blokesch, Melanie
Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title_full Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title_fullStr Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title_full_unstemmed Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title_short Glucose- but Not Rice-Based Oral Rehydration Therapy Enhances the Production of Virulence Determinants in the Human Pathogen Vibrio cholerae
title_sort glucose- but not rice-based oral rehydration therapy enhances the production of virulence determinants in the human pathogen vibrio cholerae
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4256474/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25474211
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0003347
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