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Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity
The role of extra-synaptic receptors in the regulation of excitation and inhibition in the brain has attracted increasing attention. Because activity in the extra-synaptic receptors plays a role in regulating the level of excitation and inhibition in the brain, they may be important in determining t...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4261904/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25540612 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00232 |
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author | Hashemi, Meysam Hutt, Axel Sleigh, Jamie |
author_facet | Hashemi, Meysam Hutt, Axel Sleigh, Jamie |
author_sort | Hashemi, Meysam |
collection | PubMed |
description | The role of extra-synaptic receptors in the regulation of excitation and inhibition in the brain has attracted increasing attention. Because activity in the extra-synaptic receptors plays a role in regulating the level of excitation and inhibition in the brain, they may be important in determining the level of consciousness. This paper reviews briefly the literature on extra-synaptic GABA and NMDA receptors and their affinity to anesthetic drugs. We propose a neural population model that illustrates how the effect of the anesthetic drug propofol on GABAergic extra-synaptic receptors results in changes in neural population activity and the electroencephalogram (EEG). Our results show that increased tonic inhibition in inhibitory cortical neurons cause a dramatic increase in the power of both δ− and α− bands. Conversely, the effects of increased tonic inhibition in cortical excitatory neurons and thalamic relay neurons have the opposite effect and decrease the power in these bands. The increased δ-activity is in accord with observed data for deepening propofol anesthesia; but is absolutely dependent on the inclusion of extrasynaptic (tonic) GABA action in the model. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4261904 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42619042014-12-24 Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity Hashemi, Meysam Hutt, Axel Sleigh, Jamie Front Syst Neurosci Neuroscience The role of extra-synaptic receptors in the regulation of excitation and inhibition in the brain has attracted increasing attention. Because activity in the extra-synaptic receptors plays a role in regulating the level of excitation and inhibition in the brain, they may be important in determining the level of consciousness. This paper reviews briefly the literature on extra-synaptic GABA and NMDA receptors and their affinity to anesthetic drugs. We propose a neural population model that illustrates how the effect of the anesthetic drug propofol on GABAergic extra-synaptic receptors results in changes in neural population activity and the electroencephalogram (EEG). Our results show that increased tonic inhibition in inhibitory cortical neurons cause a dramatic increase in the power of both δ− and α− bands. Conversely, the effects of increased tonic inhibition in cortical excitatory neurons and thalamic relay neurons have the opposite effect and decrease the power in these bands. The increased δ-activity is in accord with observed data for deepening propofol anesthesia; but is absolutely dependent on the inclusion of extrasynaptic (tonic) GABA action in the model. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-12-10 /pmc/articles/PMC4261904/ /pubmed/25540612 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00232 Text en Copyright © 2014 Hashemi, Hutt and Sleigh. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Hashemi, Meysam Hutt, Axel Sleigh, Jamie Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title | Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title_full | Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title_fullStr | Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title_full_unstemmed | Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title_short | Anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of EEG activity |
title_sort | anesthetic action on extra-synaptic receptors: effects in neural population models of eeg activity |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4261904/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25540612 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00232 |
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