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Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks

BACKGROUND: Ticks are hematophageous arthropods that transmit a wide spectrum of pathogens to human and animals. The ability of an acaricidal product to kill ticks quickly provides an important added benefit, especially as protecting dogs from tick bites remains the best preventive measure against t...

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Autores principales: Halos, Lénaïg, Lebon, Wilfried, Chalvet-Monfray, Karine, Larsen, Diane, Beugnet, Frederic
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4262065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25261196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-452
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author Halos, Lénaïg
Lebon, Wilfried
Chalvet-Monfray, Karine
Larsen, Diane
Beugnet, Frederic
author_facet Halos, Lénaïg
Lebon, Wilfried
Chalvet-Monfray, Karine
Larsen, Diane
Beugnet, Frederic
author_sort Halos, Lénaïg
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Ticks are hematophageous arthropods that transmit a wide spectrum of pathogens to human and animals. The ability of an acaricidal product to kill ticks quickly provides an important added benefit, especially as protecting dogs from tick bites remains the best preventive measure against tick-borne diseases. The speed of kill of afoxolaner in a novel soft chewable formulation (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus adult ticks was evaluated during a full-month negative controlled and blinded study following a single oral administration. METHODS: 12 healthy beagle dogs were included and randomly allocated to 2 groups of six dogs each. One Group was a negative control while the other group was treated with an oral formulation of afoxolaner on Day 0. Tick infestations with 40 (±5) female and 10 male adult unfed I. ricinus were performed on Days -1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. To evaluate immediate efficacy, the number of live ticks were thumb counted at 12 and 24 hours post treatment. To evaluate the persistent speed of kill following further infestations, ticks were thumb counted 12 and 24 hours post infestations. Ticks were removed 24 hours post treatment or infestation. RESULTS: Afoxolaner starts to kill the pre-existing tick infestations rapidly with an immediate efficacy of 93.4% and 100% respectively at 12 h and 24 h post treatment. The persistent speed of kill of afoxolaner was significant (p < 0,05), as compared with untreated controls, at 12 hours after infestations at D7 and D21. Efficacy at 12 h was 76.6%, 41.9%, 36.9% and 38.5% at D7, D14, D21 and D28 respectively. Efficacy at 24 h ranged from 91% to 100% for the entire month. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that besides the excellent acaricidal efficacy of afoxolaner after single oral administration, the product has a rapid speed of kill against one of the most important European tick species and controlled the weekly re-infestations for 28 days post treatment.
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spelling pubmed-42620652014-12-11 Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks Halos, Lénaïg Lebon, Wilfried Chalvet-Monfray, Karine Larsen, Diane Beugnet, Frederic Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: Ticks are hematophageous arthropods that transmit a wide spectrum of pathogens to human and animals. The ability of an acaricidal product to kill ticks quickly provides an important added benefit, especially as protecting dogs from tick bites remains the best preventive measure against tick-borne diseases. The speed of kill of afoxolaner in a novel soft chewable formulation (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus adult ticks was evaluated during a full-month negative controlled and blinded study following a single oral administration. METHODS: 12 healthy beagle dogs were included and randomly allocated to 2 groups of six dogs each. One Group was a negative control while the other group was treated with an oral formulation of afoxolaner on Day 0. Tick infestations with 40 (±5) female and 10 male adult unfed I. ricinus were performed on Days -1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. To evaluate immediate efficacy, the number of live ticks were thumb counted at 12 and 24 hours post treatment. To evaluate the persistent speed of kill following further infestations, ticks were thumb counted 12 and 24 hours post infestations. Ticks were removed 24 hours post treatment or infestation. RESULTS: Afoxolaner starts to kill the pre-existing tick infestations rapidly with an immediate efficacy of 93.4% and 100% respectively at 12 h and 24 h post treatment. The persistent speed of kill of afoxolaner was significant (p < 0,05), as compared with untreated controls, at 12 hours after infestations at D7 and D21. Efficacy at 12 h was 76.6%, 41.9%, 36.9% and 38.5% at D7, D14, D21 and D28 respectively. Efficacy at 24 h ranged from 91% to 100% for the entire month. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that besides the excellent acaricidal efficacy of afoxolaner after single oral administration, the product has a rapid speed of kill against one of the most important European tick species and controlled the weekly re-infestations for 28 days post treatment. BioMed Central 2014-09-26 /pmc/articles/PMC4262065/ /pubmed/25261196 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-452 Text en © Halos et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Halos, Lénaïg
Lebon, Wilfried
Chalvet-Monfray, Karine
Larsen, Diane
Beugnet, Frederic
Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title_full Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title_fullStr Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title_full_unstemmed Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title_short Immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (NexGard(TM)) against induced infestations with Ixodes ricinus ticks
title_sort immediate efficacy and persistent speed of kill of a novel oral formulation of afoxolaner (nexgard(tm)) against induced infestations with ixodes ricinus ticks
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4262065/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25261196
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-452
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