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Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4264471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566220 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706 |
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author | Quave, Cassandra L. Horswill, Alexander R. |
author_facet | Quave, Cassandra L. Horswill, Alexander R. |
author_sort | Quave, Cassandra L. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and development of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) to augment existing antibiotics as adjuvant therapies. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art tools that can be used to conduct screens for the identification of such QSIs. Examples include fluorescent reporters, MS-detection of autoinducing peptide production, agar plate methods for detection of hemolysins and lipase, High performance liquid chromatography-detection of hemolysins from supernatants, and cell-toxicity assays for detecting damage (or relief thereof) against human keratinocyte cells. In addition to providing a description of these various approaches, we also discuss their amenability to low-, medium-, and high-throughput screening efforts for the identification of novel QSIs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4264471 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42644712015-01-06 Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence Quave, Cassandra L. Horswill, Alexander R. Front Microbiol Microbiology Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and development of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) to augment existing antibiotics as adjuvant therapies. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art tools that can be used to conduct screens for the identification of such QSIs. Examples include fluorescent reporters, MS-detection of autoinducing peptide production, agar plate methods for detection of hemolysins and lipase, High performance liquid chromatography-detection of hemolysins from supernatants, and cell-toxicity assays for detecting damage (or relief thereof) against human keratinocyte cells. In addition to providing a description of these various approaches, we also discuss their amenability to low-, medium-, and high-throughput screening efforts for the identification of novel QSIs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4264471/ /pubmed/25566220 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706 Text en Copyright © 2014 Quave and Horswill. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Quave, Cassandra L. Horswill, Alexander R. Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title | Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title_full | Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title_fullStr | Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title_full_unstemmed | Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title_short | Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
title_sort | flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4264471/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566220 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706 |
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