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Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence

Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Quave, Cassandra L., Horswill, Alexander R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4264471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566220
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706
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author Quave, Cassandra L.
Horswill, Alexander R.
author_facet Quave, Cassandra L.
Horswill, Alexander R.
author_sort Quave, Cassandra L.
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description Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and development of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) to augment existing antibiotics as adjuvant therapies. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art tools that can be used to conduct screens for the identification of such QSIs. Examples include fluorescent reporters, MS-detection of autoinducing peptide production, agar plate methods for detection of hemolysins and lipase, High performance liquid chromatography-detection of hemolysins from supernatants, and cell-toxicity assays for detecting damage (or relief thereof) against human keratinocyte cells. In addition to providing a description of these various approaches, we also discuss their amenability to low-, medium-, and high-throughput screening efforts for the identification of novel QSIs.
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spelling pubmed-42644712015-01-06 Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence Quave, Cassandra L. Horswill, Alexander R. Front Microbiol Microbiology Through the expression of the accessory gene regulator quorum sensing cascade, Staphylococcus aureus is able to produce an extensive array of enzymes, hemolysins and immunomodulators essential to its ability to spread through the host tissues and cause disease. Many have argued for the discovery and development of quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) to augment existing antibiotics as adjuvant therapies. Here, we discuss the state-of-the-art tools that can be used to conduct screens for the identification of such QSIs. Examples include fluorescent reporters, MS-detection of autoinducing peptide production, agar plate methods for detection of hemolysins and lipase, High performance liquid chromatography-detection of hemolysins from supernatants, and cell-toxicity assays for detecting damage (or relief thereof) against human keratinocyte cells. In addition to providing a description of these various approaches, we also discuss their amenability to low-, medium-, and high-throughput screening efforts for the identification of novel QSIs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-12-12 /pmc/articles/PMC4264471/ /pubmed/25566220 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706 Text en Copyright © 2014 Quave and Horswill. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Quave, Cassandra L.
Horswill, Alexander R.
Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title_full Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title_fullStr Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title_full_unstemmed Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title_short Flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
title_sort flipping the switch: tools for detecting small molecule inhibitors of staphylococcal virulence
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4264471/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25566220
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00706
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