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How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?

Warming and drought will occur with increased frequency and intensity at high latitudes in the future. How heat and water stress can influence tree mortality is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate how carbon resources, stem hydraulics, and wood anatomy and density determin...

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Autores principales: Balducci, Lorena, Deslauriers, Annie, Giovannelli, Alessio, Beaulieu, Marilène, Delzon, Sylvain, Rossi, Sergio, Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2015
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25371502
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru431
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author Balducci, Lorena
Deslauriers, Annie
Giovannelli, Alessio
Beaulieu, Marilène
Delzon, Sylvain
Rossi, Sergio
Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K.
author_facet Balducci, Lorena
Deslauriers, Annie
Giovannelli, Alessio
Beaulieu, Marilène
Delzon, Sylvain
Rossi, Sergio
Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K.
author_sort Balducci, Lorena
collection PubMed
description Warming and drought will occur with increased frequency and intensity at high latitudes in the future. How heat and water stress can influence tree mortality is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate how carbon resources, stem hydraulics, and wood anatomy and density determine the ability of black spruce saplings to survive daytime or night-time warming (+ 6 °C in comparison with control) in combination with a drought period. Plant water relations, the dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates and starch, mortality rate, and wood anatomy and density of saplings were monitored. Warming, in conjunction with 25 d of water deficit, increased sapling mortality (10% and 20% in night-time and daytime warming, respectively) compared with the control conditions (0.8%). Drought substantially decreased gas exchange, and also pre-dawn and mid-day leaf water potential to values close to –3MPa which probably induced xylem embolism (xylem air entry point, P (12), being on average around –3MPa for this species). In addition, the recovery of gas exchange never reached the initial pre-stress levels, suggesting a possible loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity associated with cavitation. Consequently, mortality may be due to xylem hydraulic failure. Warmer temperatures limited the replenishment of starch reserves after their seasonal minimum. Lighter wood was formed during the drought period, reflecting a lower carbon allocation to cell wall formation, preventing the adaptation of the hydraulic system to drought. Saplings of black spruce experienced difficulty in adapting under climate change conditions, which might compromise their survival in the future.
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spelling pubmed-42651702015-03-24 How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings? Balducci, Lorena Deslauriers, Annie Giovannelli, Alessio Beaulieu, Marilène Delzon, Sylvain Rossi, Sergio Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K. J Exp Bot Research Paper Warming and drought will occur with increased frequency and intensity at high latitudes in the future. How heat and water stress can influence tree mortality is incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate how carbon resources, stem hydraulics, and wood anatomy and density determine the ability of black spruce saplings to survive daytime or night-time warming (+ 6 °C in comparison with control) in combination with a drought period. Plant water relations, the dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates and starch, mortality rate, and wood anatomy and density of saplings were monitored. Warming, in conjunction with 25 d of water deficit, increased sapling mortality (10% and 20% in night-time and daytime warming, respectively) compared with the control conditions (0.8%). Drought substantially decreased gas exchange, and also pre-dawn and mid-day leaf water potential to values close to –3MPa which probably induced xylem embolism (xylem air entry point, P (12), being on average around –3MPa for this species). In addition, the recovery of gas exchange never reached the initial pre-stress levels, suggesting a possible loss of xylem hydraulic conductivity associated with cavitation. Consequently, mortality may be due to xylem hydraulic failure. Warmer temperatures limited the replenishment of starch reserves after their seasonal minimum. Lighter wood was formed during the drought period, reflecting a lower carbon allocation to cell wall formation, preventing the adaptation of the hydraulic system to drought. Saplings of black spruce experienced difficulty in adapting under climate change conditions, which might compromise their survival in the future. Oxford University Press 2015-01 2014-11-04 /pmc/articles/PMC4265170/ /pubmed/25371502 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru431 Text en © The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Balducci, Lorena
Deslauriers, Annie
Giovannelli, Alessio
Beaulieu, Marilène
Delzon, Sylvain
Rossi, Sergio
Rathgeber, Cyrille B. K.
How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title_full How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title_fullStr How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title_full_unstemmed How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title_short How do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of Picea mariana saplings?
title_sort how do drought and warming influence survival and wood traits of picea mariana saplings?
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265170/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25371502
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru431
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