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Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal
BACKGROUND: Acute febrile illness is common among those seeking medical care and is frequently treated empirically with the underlying illness remaining undiagnosed in resource-poor countries. A febrile illness study was conducted 2009-2010 to identify known and unknown pathogens circulating in Nepa...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25427544 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0606-0 |
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author | Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan Klungthong, Chonticha Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar Thapa, Amod Bahadur Pant, Arjun Yingst, Samuel L Yoon, In-Kyu Fernandez, Stefan Pavlin, Julie A |
author_facet | Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan Klungthong, Chonticha Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar Thapa, Amod Bahadur Pant, Arjun Yingst, Samuel L Yoon, In-Kyu Fernandez, Stefan Pavlin, Julie A |
author_sort | Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Acute febrile illness is common among those seeking medical care and is frequently treated empirically with the underlying illness remaining undiagnosed in resource-poor countries. A febrile illness study was conducted 2009-2010 to identify known and unknown pathogens circulating in Nepal. METHOD: Study methods included diagnostic testing and preliminary ELISA screening of acute and convalescent samples for diseases both known and unknown to be circulating in Nepal, including West Nile virus (WNV). The molecular assays including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing and ultra deep sequencing on MiSeq Illumina Platform were conducted to further confirm the presence of WNV. RESULTS: The study enrolled 2,046 patients presenting undifferentiated febrile illness with unknown etiology. Sera from 14 out of 2,046 patients were tested positive for west nile virus (WNV) by nested Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Only two out of 14 cases were confirmed for the presence of WNV by sequencing and identified as WNV lineage 1 phylogentically. The two patients were adult males with fever and no neurological symptoms from Kathmandu and Bharatpur, Nepal. CONCLUSION: Two out of 2,046 serum samples contained fragments of WNV genome resembling WNV lineage 1, which is evidence of the continued spread of WNV which should be considered a possible illness cause in Nepal. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0606-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-4265323 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-42653232014-12-14 Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan Klungthong, Chonticha Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar Thapa, Amod Bahadur Pant, Arjun Yingst, Samuel L Yoon, In-Kyu Fernandez, Stefan Pavlin, Julie A BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: Acute febrile illness is common among those seeking medical care and is frequently treated empirically with the underlying illness remaining undiagnosed in resource-poor countries. A febrile illness study was conducted 2009-2010 to identify known and unknown pathogens circulating in Nepal. METHOD: Study methods included diagnostic testing and preliminary ELISA screening of acute and convalescent samples for diseases both known and unknown to be circulating in Nepal, including West Nile virus (WNV). The molecular assays including Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Sanger sequencing and ultra deep sequencing on MiSeq Illumina Platform were conducted to further confirm the presence of WNV. RESULTS: The study enrolled 2,046 patients presenting undifferentiated febrile illness with unknown etiology. Sera from 14 out of 2,046 patients were tested positive for west nile virus (WNV) by nested Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Only two out of 14 cases were confirmed for the presence of WNV by sequencing and identified as WNV lineage 1 phylogentically. The two patients were adult males with fever and no neurological symptoms from Kathmandu and Bharatpur, Nepal. CONCLUSION: Two out of 2,046 serum samples contained fragments of WNV genome resembling WNV lineage 1, which is evidence of the continued spread of WNV which should be considered a possible illness cause in Nepal. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0606-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2014-11-27 /pmc/articles/PMC4265323/ /pubmed/25427544 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0606-0 Text en © Rutvisuttinunt et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2014 This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya Chinnawirotpisan, Piyawan Klungthong, Chonticha Shrestha, Sanjaya Kumar Thapa, Amod Bahadur Pant, Arjun Yingst, Samuel L Yoon, In-Kyu Fernandez, Stefan Pavlin, Julie A Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title | Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title_full | Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title_fullStr | Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title_full_unstemmed | Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title_short | Evidence of West Nile virus infection in Nepal |
title_sort | evidence of west nile virus infection in nepal |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4265323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25427544 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-014-0606-0 |
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